Guangzhou, a primary school student, because . In subsequent reports, we can know the perpetrators of murder is not inherently the devil, the occurrence of homicide is not the murderer of the moment impulse. It is the campuses, ridicule of others, and squeezed, and finally break through the critical point, such as magma erupted.
Now, corporal punishment of students has rarely touched the child's body, and more are some disguised form of corporal punishment, humiliation, or call corporal punishment. Guangzhou, a primary school student, because male and female students, many of which he made a variety of sarcasm directed at the action, and some faces and some issued by doing all, and some shouted General blushing head down.
so humiliating corporal punishment, although not touched the child's body, but it must touch the child within, the extent of their child's injury is much greater than on the physical punishment. I was totally disheartened, the perpetrators of the murder on campus, is unfounded and nonsense words, but a preventive measure not to exercise the humiliation of corporal punishment of children so young, with a total not to have it.
old Bodhidharma facing the wall of a reed cross the river was lapping Buddhist decade, and we Traditional education also has a ; voluntary act. not
Thursday, December 30, 2010
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Farewell to the past
Love has been in the past
Autumn has come.
Floating into the palm leaf.
I was a bit cold. So, pick up the pace.
2006 so the summer is over. An end to the silence among the . cold I do not dare look back.
me falling out of love, in the cold wind, I remind myself alone.
adhere to two years and I love the official waved goodbye, and I, actually did not feel sad .
if, I mean if, two years ago we knew the outcome of this silent, then, there will be so many tired and adhere to it? is probably not it, once thought of ever and ever, ever believe in the whole life, had promised the day and night, are in a Only forget.
from today, we are just strangers. even if met, no more story. just as this summer, disappears forever into the cold. You and I, along with no longer people mention.
fate of the magic words in this weather has finally pushed me lonely autumn. lonely, not just when a person, to me, it is never far away.
ever thought about Perhaps in this life will blame you, but now, for you, no hate, no love, only strange, only the cruel memory. only, - sigh. past need not mention, mentioned it, and would like a bubble too far tea, lost the original taste, leaving behind only a pool of messy in the heart. no applause, our love story began so vigorous, the silence of the curtain call. Perhaps, once we do not know how to love and see the horizon rainbow to the color that read, in fact, it was just a mirage of the ignorant, that is all, but enough so that once we are awake at night, feel grateful. Today, if all over again, that the results of what will happen? not the know, but I know I will have lost a lot of perseverance, will not be found, the sky is only one sun.
I was so young. So, will the promise of life so easily oath, will you believe in love power, will adhere to the principle of life unchanged, until the black and blue, but also not read the back of your cold. But now, when I think of you, you actually face some obscure, it touches you away into the back of Your last picture in my mind, and - outside of a landscape, I burst into tears. This is our end. Then, I got up, walked back to the road, and you, just the opposite. From then on, do not go back.
once we do not know what love is so easy. always thought that there will be a lot of time to splurge, until everything grinds to a halt after the fatigue only when the perceived futility of much of the good from the side has been glide, however, can only be a memory of all the shortcomings, let us think of the time, and some dull pain in her chest.
to Remember.
left, only a desert. a long time, without you I have been accustomed to.
sky, a touch of gray, like rain.
past life owe you finally tears drip dry in the summer, since then, no more tear for you stream. < br> turned the previously sealed.
lang Love has died hh hh lost the love of love, gone hh
Autumn has come.
Floating into the palm leaf.
I was a bit cold. So, pick up the pace.
2006 so the summer is over. An end to the silence among the . cold I do not dare look back.
me falling out of love, in the cold wind, I remind myself alone.
adhere to two years and I love the official waved goodbye, and I, actually did not feel sad .
if, I mean if, two years ago we knew the outcome of this silent, then, there will be so many tired and adhere to it? is probably not it, once thought of ever and ever, ever believe in the whole life, had promised the day and night, are in a Only forget.
from today, we are just strangers. even if met, no more story. just as this summer, disappears forever into the cold. You and I, along with no longer people mention.
fate of the magic words in this weather has finally pushed me lonely autumn. lonely, not just when a person, to me, it is never far away.
ever thought about Perhaps in this life will blame you, but now, for you, no hate, no love, only strange, only the cruel memory. only, - sigh. past need not mention, mentioned it, and would like a bubble too far tea, lost the original taste, leaving behind only a pool of messy in the heart. no applause, our love story began so vigorous, the silence of the curtain call. Perhaps, once we do not know how to love and see the horizon rainbow to the color that read, in fact, it was just a mirage of the ignorant, that is all, but enough so that once we are awake at night, feel grateful. Today, if all over again, that the results of what will happen? not the know, but I know I will have lost a lot of perseverance, will not be found, the sky is only one sun.
I was so young. So, will the promise of life so easily oath, will you believe in love power, will adhere to the principle of life unchanged, until the black and blue, but also not read the back of your cold. But now, when I think of you, you actually face some obscure, it touches you away into the back of Your last picture in my mind, and - outside of a landscape, I burst into tears. This is our end. Then, I got up, walked back to the road, and you, just the opposite. From then on, do not go back.
once we do not know what love is so easy. always thought that there will be a lot of time to splurge, until everything grinds to a halt after the fatigue only when the perceived futility of much of the good from the side has been glide, however, can only be a memory of all the shortcomings, let us think of the time, and some dull pain in her chest.
to Remember.
left, only a desert. a long time, without you I have been accustomed to.
sky, a touch of gray, like rain.
past life owe you finally tears drip dry in the summer, since then, no more tear for you stream. < br> turned the previously sealed.
lang Love has died hh hh lost the love of love, gone hh
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
Professor Yang Huixia talk about how to prevent birth defects
Health Channel by the Sohu, Life Times, the Beijing Times baby version of her mother combined to create a , Professor; deputy director of obstetrics and gynecology.
Specialties: eugenic counseling and pregnancy complications and complications of diagnosis and treatment.
Record the following for the interview:
Professor Yang Huixia site interviews
computer Radiation was not that terrorist
Moderator: Hello! now we are most concerned about is the computer problem, because basically most of the work before the computer needs to work 8 hours, so that everyone would have worried about computer radiation affect the fetus. computer users what they should be prepared to do a number?
YANG Hui-xia: Computers have come into our lives for many years, according to reports some of the current study, in fact, the amount of radiation is very small computers, for pregnant women should still be safe. whether foreign or domestic existing research data, that do not have enough data confirm that use of computer or pregnant women will have adverse fetal harm from happening. we did meet a lot of pregnant women in clinical consultation, and asked exposure on pregnant women which caused the computer will not impact the current computer Kuaidui not been shown to pregnant women which caused the impact so we can be assured of Yingyong.
Zao few years ago, when I have been in foreign experts to communicate with the corresponding their point of view is that now we use computers, in particular, this is the LCD screen computer, in fact, the amount of radiation is caused by very small, may be far more than we turn signal radiation when the phone is much smaller.
Moderator: Do we need to wear protective clothing it? now see a lot of pregnant women, whether from work have to wear protective clothing, and even for some women when pregnant have been wearing protective clothing, and the need to do?
YANG Hui-xia: It is now no information, do not wear protective clothing to wear and give the pregnant woman or fetus brought significant difference. I do not see foreign women to seek the protection of protective clothing, but in China there are indeed many pregnant women wear. two years ago there was an American doctor to us, she was very surprised, and said why do women have to wear this. I think everyone is a good starting point is to be able to prevent some radiation, but in the end can play a big role Since we do not have much scientific data in this regard, I will inconvenience more comment here.
Moderator: You just mentioned the problem of mobile phone radiation, that cell phone still has some influence on pregnant women, can not predict We need to pay attention about what daily life radiation sources, such as cell phones, copiers, electric stove, microwave them?
YANG Hui-xia: I just talked about and the use of a computer to compare the intensity of mobile phone radiation mobile phone radiation may be relatively large, but after all phone contact time is short, so short-term exposure will not pose a certain influence, and now it is no very precise information reported. as we are more concerned about other issues or microwave oven copiers some of the problems, we are now daily in the microwave, If you are using is the result of a national security check, there should be no problem, but according to some industry certification, and some people think that some brands of microwave ovens Perhaps this quality is not standard, may have an impact, I hope you choose the time or To select through national quality authentication, it will not pose any problem.
mothers during pregnancy in listening attentively to do B-
Moderator: We select the commodity at a later time, or to take note of the , especially during pregnancy, to select high-quality electrical appliances. Another issue examined during pregnancy often do B-, check the baby's situation, would like to ask if the B-check too often will not cause harm to the fetus ?
YANG Hui-xia: In fact, our medical B-, in general, will not cause harm to the fetus, although studies have suggested a few years ago there was a long time the B-radiation, will affect the embryonic cells or villi, but It is experimental research, the long-term B-contact. and in clinical B-have a certain amount of time, the probe will not be fixed to a part of continuous exposure, in general, we use for medical ultrasonic examination does not affect the fetus. Now some people think, because the color of the ultrasonic power higher than black and white, so do not use pregnancy as early as color Doppler ultrasound. But some patients say, is not all Well with the color Doppler ultrasound, in fact, mainly will be used when measuring blood flow in color Doppler ultrasound examination power. Therefore, to check if the early pregnancy although the use of a color ultrasound, but is generally safe.
Moderator: Doctors generally recommended during pregnancy, how many times do B Ultra the most appropriate?
YANG Hui-xia: this applies to each person's case may be, in general, the most important thing is to do a 20 to 22 weeks, the main organ for fetal abnormalities have the inspection area, to over 30 weeks In order to understand the case of fetal development often need to do, in general, ultrasound 2,3 times is enough, but for some special populations, such as gestational age uncertain, early pregnancy need to do a B-ultrasound to determine gestational age, need to Check the appropriate increase in the number of times, but ultrasound in pregnancy does not mean to do better, but to pay attention to the quality of ultrasound examination questions.
Moderator: up to do a few times?
YANG Hui-xia: This fall No restrictions.
what pregnant women need to do amniocentesis?
Moderator: In addition to the B-mode ultrasound during pregnancy, when we need to do a variety of other checks, which check whether the fetus can be identified a priori defects? pregnancy how long can check out this problem?
YANG Hui-xia: fetal birth defects including fetal anatomical abnormalities and chromosomal abnormalities. The former mainly by means of B-checking, but we should also know that although we are of ultrasonic testing technology to improve, but it does not mean that all of the fetal structural abnormalities can be detected by B-. fetal chromosomal abnormalities, if not accompanied by structural abnormalities of the time, B-do not come out to check the main access through amniocentesis fetal cells, and then fetal karyotype analysis to diagnose fetal chromosomal disorders. there are some genetic diseases are gene mutations, or genetic aspects of congenital abnormalities caused, may have to make some special test for this genotype.
scene fathers and mothers
Moderator: These checks are what we usually do during pregnancy examination can be found?
YANG Hui-xia: amniocentesis fetal karyotype analysis does not belong to regular prenatal projects. also That is not all pregnant women need to be invasive detection of the operation to the fetus, after all, the incidence of fetal chromosomes is relatively low. how to do? present, in order to detect fetal chromosomal abnormalities common in clinical practice has been implemented for the fetus during pregnancy 21 Prenatal screening for trisomy project (also known as Down's screening.) prenatal screening of pregnant women's blood is pumping, check the level of maternal blood markers, if the screening results show that high-risk, to suggest fetal chromosomal abnormalities in some opportunity to increase, doctors recommend further action for this high risk invasive operation. But now the method of prenatal screening is not so perfect, there would be screening of pregnant women, although the results suggest for the low-risk, the fetal risk of chromosomal abnormalities is relatively low, but eventually had chromosomal abnormalities. The screening program in the United States and Europe have been able to make the population more than 80% of trisomy 21 were detected. If the use of maternal blood and early The joint screening ultrasound during pregnancy, 90% of the chromosomal abnormality may be able to be screened. B-trimester screening for fetal neck mainly subcutaneous tissue by measuring the thickness and shape of fetal nasal bone. Because fetal neck skin Organization (NT) thickening, suggesting increased chance of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. At present, most medical institutions in our country, the simple screening using maternal serum screening out only six per cent of the chromosomal abnormalities seventies, after all, there are some so-called Screening of pregnant women are low risk, but there are exceptions, unfortunately the last child, which is limited by maternal blood screening. For high-risk pregnant women, prenatal screening or advanced maternal age and previous history of fetal chromosomal abnormalities such as recommend further delivery amniotic fluid biopsy to be diagnosed with karyotype analysis.
Moderator: Are there any side effects of this check?
YANG Hui-xia: Of course, the amniotic fluid in the B-test is directly under the direction of a long needle through the amniotic fluid extraction This invasive procedure may cause infection, which may harm the fetus puncture, puncture the fetus after abortion. as this operation is carried out in B-guided, so that check the security has been improved, but After all, there are some reports puncture after the occurrence of such risks of abortion, although this risk relatively low, in general, is one-thousandth to three thousandths of possibilities. So, that is why the clinic to out some risk factors for screening of pregnant women, which is highly suspected fetal problems in pregnant women and then to do amniocentesis. So to decide who medically invasive procedure to do this need to be considered comprehensive.
women with high blood pressure how to deal with pregnancy
Moderator: Many people trying to get pregnant when they are worried about their own diseases affect children, such as some people already have high blood pressure, long-term in medicine, these people want to be when a child how do? or woman without any problems, but the man has high blood pressure, this case will affect the child?
YANG Hui-xia: In fact, from a health point of view, we should also concern that such couples have When some of these diseases, the disease will not cause harm to the fetus. If a woman is very serious high blood pressure, in which case there will be some risk of pregnancy, some antihypertensive drugs would not only harm the fetus, and is said pregnant women, pregnancy itself can lead to increased disease. If women of childbearing age have high blood pressure, first of all to define their own health can not be qualified for the process of pregnancy. In general If the time not too long suffering from high blood pressure, while blood pressure did not lead to other organ involvement and, for example, kidney, heart and no problems detected, this time he might competent pregnant. on the choice of antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy is mainly taking into account the safety of drugs on the fetus's problem. because there are many formulations of antihypertensive drugs However, when choosing a maternity doctor would rather not be some of the antihypertensive effect is the best, but after a long clinical testing for pregnant women, the fetus is relatively safe. We recommend that women with chronic diseases, whether hypertensive or other diseases, preferably before pregnancy to obstetric physician there, the doctor also do consulting.
for people with chronic hypertension in pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia late opportunity to increase, making his own blood pressure suddenly increased, even urine protein, and so some dangerous situations, so pregnant women with hypertension for prenatal care must be strengthened, that the number of checks during pregnancy but also to frequent some of the best prenatal care in general hospitals.
Moderator: Will genetic?
YANG Hui-xia: hypertension have a relationship with a number of factors, not necessarily genetic, and acquired a lot of life and behavior and other factors are related, also 90 years since the last century, many foreign scholars have since study found that many adult diseases, including hypertension, diabetes and other chronic diseases, the environment and fetal relationship. If he is 9 months in utero during development, such as poor nutritional environment, resulting in fetal intrauterine growth affected and that the fetus in the future occurrence of hypertension or diabetes in adulthood increases the risk that the health of the so-called theory of the origin and disease of the fetus.
how pregnant hepatitis B carriers?
Moderator: In addition to high blood pressure problems are concentrated In addition, there is the problem of hepatitis B carriers, and now we shout a lot of friends online and want to know, as a hepatitis B carriers, like how they give birth to a healthy baby?
YANG Hui-xia: For hepatitis B carriers, we recommend that if She is active viral replication, such as hepatitis B carriers of hepatitis B virus DNA test is positive, suggesting that virus replication in the body, it is best not to rush this case of pregnancy, the first control. While carrying the virus but did not the case of pregnancy, viral replication may be better. of course, in the past during pregnancy has also been to find ways to make some for the immunization of hepatitis B carriers, block the spread of the virus to the fetus, but many scholars now believe that a simple injection of the blocking effect of this is not particularly evident. HBV carriers of pregnant women giving birth early neonatal best active and passive immunization, which may be better. is to fight as soon as possible after the birth of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin, antibodies so that he was born there.
Moderator: So after the baby was born to hepatitis B carriers may not be a?
YANG Hui-xia: best through these measures the degree of blocking child to be hepatitis B carriers, but we also difficult to ensure that by these means absolutely eliminated. < br> making dental film, a child's chest affect you?
Moderator: Other than that, pregnant women, sick during pregnancy may need to do checks, such as the need to take dental pictures or need chest, which will be affect the fetus you?
YANG Hui-xia: Actually making a dental radiation dose is very small chip, theoretically speaking, there will not be much of a problem. If the disease need to do some chest examination, it is best not to do perspective and a chest X-ray film, because the perspective in the X-ray exposure under the relatively long time, and chest X-ray examination once a small amount of radiation exposure, according to medical X-ray inferred that when the radiation dose sufficient to lead to the fetus be affected, but test several times or bad, and pregnant women can also take some time to do chest X-ray medical protection.
pregnant women how to deal with a fever?
Moderator: In addition to checking there to take medicine, I think we should be more concerned about many pregnant women are afraid to take medicine sick, worried cause fetal harm, I would like to ask what drugs during pregnancy can not eat?
YANG Hui-xia: so say some of them may be more general, Because thousands of commonly used medical drugs, which eat the following difficult to say what can not eat. Generally, we follow certain principles of drug use during pregnancy. medicine there is a FDA classification of drugs into ABCDX all classes, A class is safe , but unfortunately, with the exception of vitamins, calcium preparation which drug is no other class A drugs, is generally considered safe B drugs, such as during infectious disease, penicillin is still safe, and some erythromycin class of drugs, as well as cephalosporin class of drugs also belong to B. C drugs in general for pregnant women, fetal effects, but there are some relatively small, although not as B-type drugs so safe. Most of the application of antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy belong to class C drug, but for the D, especially the X-type drugs, is to disable the drugs during pregnancy. D class of drugs that we selected, unless the mother's illness is very serious, not drugs may cause the mother's health when it is no great harm in the short term application. In general, doctors use various drugs in reference to the time the classification of the drug to choose. but basically, as some proprietary annotation of such a classification, because the FDA's classification of against Western medicine. So the application of proprietary Chinese medicines or to refer to instructions, etc., also go on the guidance of doctors use a number of drugs.
Moderator: If we just have a cold or the small problems like diarrhea and can deal with their own What home ?
YANG Hui-xia: If you are not a very bad cold, fever, and so can not eat Chinese traditional medicines, such as we used heat cold granules, the drug Radix no such problem, because for so many years has been in clinical use. If there really fever, high fever throughout pregnancy are detrimental for the embryo and fetus, so if there is fever, especially in body temperature at 38 degrees or 38.5 degrees Celsius, we should also be timely to take anti-fever medication. now commonly used such as Tylenol or one hundred Ning and other drugs is relatively safe, regardless of early pregnancy or in late pregnancy, if pregnant women, high fever, with some physical methods also, such as we can with some ice or use rubbing alcohol, if necessary, temporary taking anti-fever drugs no problem. Many patients told me that Yang Taifu my bulging, but the fact that fever itself is detrimental to the fetus.
Professor Yang Huixia and hosts
Moderator: Actually, sickness and should not be hard rendered, that medication is not good for the fetus, so that is not allowed.
YANG Hui-xia: Yes, because only the mother health, the fetus in a good environment to grow and develop.
whether the maternal depression should eat medicine?
Moderator: In addition to physical illness than there are psychological problems, such as many pregnant women have depression during pregnancy, the tendency appears that maternal depression should take medicine?
YANG Hui-xia: Some pregnant women in the case of depression during pregnancy, we need to look her degree, first we want to be concerned about this kind of psychological disorders, if we find a great mood swings pregnant women to find a psychiatrist to communicate in a timely manner, if very light, then perhaps through conversation, through non-pharmacological means, can be adjusted to make her whole situation, not necessarily drug use under control, if the situation is very serious drug cases must, under the guidance of doctors should also be safe drug use, be sure to remind you this time Find a professional psychological doctor, not because of pregnancy after we have this problem since they shy away from teeth, do not want to see the psychological doctor, and delayed diagnosis and treatment of disease, it is not necessary, but also as an obstetrician For guidance in this regard certainly more professional than a psychiatrist.
cause fetal birth control pills affect you?
Moderator: to remind you or to pay attention to some, I heard a lot of trouble easily during pregnancy, bad mood, not a disease of concern is the tendency.
There contraceptives, a lot of friends asking if the long-term use of contraceptives, such as has been for a year, and now want to have children, whether there will be impact?
YANG Hui-xia: On the pill, if the time to eat, usually are short-acting contraceptives, the general said after stopping birth control pills, a month or more, if the situation back to normal menstruation can pregnant because She had discontinued the drug can not long persist in the body, so in general do not have a major impact.
Moderator: It was also asked to take emergency contraception but still pregnant, so that children can be you?
YANG Hui-xia: If you eat the emergency contraceptive pregnant after a contraceptive failure, in theory, would not pose too big an impact on the fetus, or can. but also to remind you that after the emergency contraceptive pill or not may be used as long-term method of contraception in some special circumstances we can remedy the provisional application as a.
fetal death and fetal malformations which cause?
Moderator: There are a class of problems we are asking , there is a case, for example, both spouses are not abnormal family history, but check when fetal abnormalities were found, had induced labor the. There fetus before birth because of various reasons such as death of the short umbilical cord, and I ask and the environment, radiation has a relationship like you?
YANG Hui-xia: You just mentioned the two issues. On the issue of birth defects, in fact, many patients think that the family no one has these problems, why their children occur some bad situations. In fact, the cause fetal birth defects for many reasons, there are genetic factors, there are some environmental factors, there are some very clear we are not medical factors. environmental factors, including the environment we have just related to the radiation, pregnancy drug problems, there are some factors such as infections, some infections, the clinical investigation may not necessarily be able to come out, which may affect the health of the fetus development. some of the mother's disease, for example, early in embryonic development, when the presence of high maternal blood sugar, which can cause high blood sugar environment unhealthy embryo development, the formation of structure defects. Therefore, delivery of a child may not have birth defects, genetic family history, and more may be caused by other factors. So, once delivery birth defects in pregnant women, next time you need to do before pregnancy to prepare the appropriate checks after pregnancy should go to the hospital some of the larger health care, experienced the second trimester ultrasound, please check the doctor except for fetal abnormalities.
you mentioned Alternatively, due to various causes fetal death, this depends on the cause, the umbilical cord of the problem or some other factors leading to fetal hypoxia, or the fetus itself has a number of diseases. For instance, we now find that some children The reason to the late death of the fetus itself may have some metabolic diseases, and congenital metabolic diseases there are many, not medically able to check out. After all, the incidence of such cases is relatively low, nor does it check all all pregnant women metabolic diseases, so the situation must be addressed for the individual.
best age pregnancy and how to deal with fertility problems to work white-collar
Moderator: How long after miscarriage can be pregnant again?
YANG Hui-xia: If abortion after the problem is not obvious complications, to be menstruation two to three months of pregnancy in general can start again, especially for some older, and do not have to wait too long.
Moderator: just said older problem, which is all concentrated, because there are large cities because of work reasons many women of childbearing age had to be postponed, in which case there is any good way to ensure that older mothers to give birth to a healthy baby?
YANG Hui-xia: If for various reasons, pregnancy, older program, everyone should know to pregnancy problems caused by old age, one is increasing with age, the chance of fetal chromosomal abnormalities will certainly increase.
Moderator : is the increased chance of fetal abnormalities?
YANG Hui-xia: in particular, chromosome abnormalities, and now our country has provided for pregnant women for over 35 years old, it is recommended to do a direct chromosome analysis of amniotic fluid puncture. In particular, over the age of 35, with the age increased the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities will be further increased, to remind these women should be aware that if possible, try to do an amniocentesis fetal chromosome analysis.
Another thing, its increase with age, disease, such as hypertension, diabetes will be more opportunities, it is best done before pregnancy, a comprehensive physical examination. If you simply older than some, but all aspects of health are good, in addition to increased risk of fetal chromosome other than pregnancy-induced hypertension during pregnancy appears and so will also increase. This requires one hand, older pregnant women after pregnancy, the easier pace of work place, do not particularly work pressure, the other, to strengthen health care during pregnancy, I believe the majority of older pregnant women under the guidance of a doctor can still have a healthy baby is born.
Moderator: work pressure just mentioned, because many pregnant women during pregnancy or to continue to work, there is a users message that her work pressure is relatively large, and emotionally vulnerable to the impact of the work , would like to ask this be bad for children, how to reduce the impact on children?
YANG Hui-xia: 9 months of pregnancy is the time, especially in our Chinese family to a child, so advise pregnant women in all occupations due to the pace of work during and easily put some hope that their colleagues and her superiors that a little understanding of them that, if the work environment can not relax and return to the family environment, or should this small living arrangements of their own easy to some, such as the home often listen to music, women who work at lunchtime to ensure that after a short lunch break, such as looking for a place to rest quietly for half an hour adjustments.
work if the pressure is indeed large, We can not control people, to find ways to adjust their emotions, their emotions and if the total is not good, no good for the fetus. and the child from the perspective of the fetus should always pay attention from the palace, since pregnancy is about to become mothers, In fact, everything you do during pregnancy, not all children can be healthy for the future growth and development can have a very good thing, so third trimester of pregnancy often listen to music, adjust the mood is still good for the fetus.
Moderator: Prenatal there is a role?
YANG Hui-xia: the question about the prenatal care do not want to do too much discussion. but pregnant women often listen to some music, read some prose, so that the mood of pregnant women would be better, and to pregnant women during late pregnancy if the fetus is very concerned about fetal delivery down you may be more concerned about him. because he was not even born when you put on him, how he may be a healthy idea of the baby, once he was born down the communication with the child may be more of them.
Moderator: go back to the age question, What is the best age pregnancy?
YANG Hui-xia: general physiological age from 25 to 30 years to consider is an ideal stage, but if that is slightly smaller then the 25-year-old How old, how old or 30 year old that has not much of a problem, such as from the medical definition of less than 20 years of age, especially in less than 18 years of age, it is too young, and if more than 35 years of age in medicine is defined as old.
Moderator: age limit for men?
YANG Hui-xia: bad men in general is too large, because of his age, after too large may affect sperm quality and because of sperm chromosome abnormalities will increase relative to the opportunity.
folic acid pregnant how to correct?
Moderator: Some people say this kind of advanced maternal age can advance to add a variety of trace elements, such as one year in advance, six months of folic acid to eat these things, that can reduce the risk that this view is correct you?
YANG Hui-xia: It is now the world have advocated from the supplement containing folic acid before pregnancy, a variety of vitamins, actually can reduce the occurrence of fetal birth defects, pregnant women should not just speaking for the elderly, because previous WHO (World Health Organization) have the genetic center in Budapest, Hungary for a period of 8 years doing clinical research, this study is to let a group of pregnant women for three months before pregnancy, start taking multivitamins containing folic acid, another group did not take, the results did taking down this group of reducing neural tube defects, including heart, there are other birth defects are reduced. so we now advocate, if possible, before pregnancy is not whether you are old, are taking the best multivitamins containing folic acid. but from the price is, because a variety of vitamins containing folic acid folic acid than simply more expensive, so if the majority of pregnant women in rural areas can not begin before pregnancy, multivitamin supplement, at least to add a small dose of folic acid, because small doses of folic acid in reducing neural tube defects have a certain effect.
Moderator: There are friends that have been taking Si Lian (folic acid) tablets, already for a year and a half, it was said to eat more bad, will prevent the absorption of zinc, folic acid is not to eat it also have side effects?
YANG Hui-xia: because such a small amount of folic acid preparations, even though there will not be too long to eat, we added folic acid in early or a small dose of the vitamin folic acid, less than one milligram per day, no problem.
Moderator: diet also requires attention to some issues, such as during pregnancy, some people say can not eat crabs, snails can not eat these things, These claims do make sense?
YANG Hui-xia: No truth, but to pay attention to hygiene to eat the seafood,.
Moderator: There is no food during pregnancy can not eat?
YANG Hui-xia: no special.
experts to answer users questions
Moderator: Come see the User's message.
users: Summer films, mosquito coils in the indoor point will not affect the fetal stomach?
YANG Hui-xia : general electric mosquito coils that constitute what the fetus would not, of course, your piece, mosquito coils or use mosquito coils must be a quality product.
users: There is information that can be prevented in the abdomen with some olive oil stretch marks, but olive oil will not be directly applied to the abdomen hurts?
YANG Hui-xia: olive oil applied to the abdomen can not really avoid the occurrence of stretch marks can not say this because some women do every day, some oil in the coating, Finally, stretch marks do not form, but the clinic did not see what some women have no stretch marks painted, do not know a coincidence or oil at work, but you can rest assured that olive oil does not have any effect on the fetus. < br> Host: If you are interested we can try.
users: during pregnancy had eczema, this will not cause fetal heart defects?
YANG Hui-xia: eczema will not affect the fetus's heart, it touches rubella virus infection may be hazardous to the fetus, causing microcephaly, or the development of cardiac abnormalities. rubella infection occurs during pregnancy is relatively small, because most people have been infected with rubella before pregnancy, in childhood or adolescence infected with rubella, and measles for life if the infection will get immunity. If the pregnancy is really very unfortunate primary rubella infection may need to be aware, but that rubella infection has nothing to do with eczema, urticaria is caused by rubella virus. < br> Host: Vaccination before pregnancy to avoid you?
YANG Hui-xia: Yes, now we can do is to pre-pregnancy rubella vaccination virus vaccine, is now in clinical practice for many years, so now a lot of Young girls may be played in childhood rubella vaccine, and rubella vaccine immunization for life after kick, so in the future will not have rubella virus infection. If the number of pregnant women will not know that he is not had rubella infection You can go check rubella antibody pregnant, because it is a long-term antibody, If you already have antibodies to rubella will not be infected, so you can rest assured pregnancy. Conversely, if the age to be pregnant a check or rubella antibody positive, it means you have not been infected, you can play pre-pregnancy rubella vaccine, rubella vaccine because of the epidemic prevention station in our country have. In the past that finish after the three-rubella vaccine to fight the months may be pregnant, but now according to U.S. researchers reported that, so after a month rubella vaccine can be pregnant.
friends: I take birth control ring for two months, this case would affect pregnancy?
YANG Hui-xia: It should not have much impact.
friends: pregnancy, but the IUD is still, to have that child, do not take the ring would be affected?
YANG Hui-xia: If you want the child may bad check ring, because the ring to take the issue could lead to the occurrence of abortion.
Moderator: This ring will not affect the child's health is still up?
YANG Hui-xia: To determine the circumstances, such as some birth control more than four five years, copper has almost released, the impact would not be significant.
experts to answer questions on-site users
Moderator: Site users can also ask if there are problems.
site visitor: I am listening to the others When pregnancy does not cause cord around the neck accidentally fell tumble, there is such a phenomenon you?
YANG Hui-xia: there is no reason.
site users: I in 23 weeks time to do B-and found that fetal right and left renal pelvis was 0.6 and 0.7cm, this would be a problem? B-the doctor said was normal.
YANG Hui-xia: 23 weeks to check fetal renal pelvis a bit wider, you can have some time to review. if, with the pregnancy week increase in more and more widened pelvis, pay attention to the urethral obstruction is not there.
site users: that if there is expansion of the renal pelvis may be caused by a variety of reasons?
YANG Hui-xia: Your current situation not constitute a pathological anomaly, if the gestational age increased significantly with the expansion, we should see if there is no urinary tract obstruction.
site users: If you increase the expansion of the renal pelvis, is not it impossible during the treatment of the fetus can only be born later treatment?
YANG Hui-xia: depends on the severity of obstruction, if obstruction is very serious, serious expansion of the renal pelvis may be the final impact of fetal renal function, but fortunately this happens is relatively less.
site User: Eat complex vitamins, such as the inside of the vitamin D-containing ...
Specialties: eugenic counseling and pregnancy complications and complications of diagnosis and treatment.
Record the following for the interview:
Professor Yang Huixia site interviews
computer Radiation was not that terrorist
Moderator: Hello! now we are most concerned about is the computer problem, because basically most of the work before the computer needs to work 8 hours, so that everyone would have worried about computer radiation affect the fetus. computer users what they should be prepared to do a number?
YANG Hui-xia: Computers have come into our lives for many years, according to reports some of the current study, in fact, the amount of radiation is very small computers, for pregnant women should still be safe. whether foreign or domestic existing research data, that do not have enough data confirm that use of computer or pregnant women will have adverse fetal harm from happening. we did meet a lot of pregnant women in clinical consultation, and asked exposure on pregnant women which caused the computer will not impact the current computer Kuaidui not been shown to pregnant women which caused the impact so we can be assured of Yingyong.
Zao few years ago, when I have been in foreign experts to communicate with the corresponding their point of view is that now we use computers, in particular, this is the LCD screen computer, in fact, the amount of radiation is caused by very small, may be far more than we turn signal radiation when the phone is much smaller.
Moderator: Do we need to wear protective clothing it? now see a lot of pregnant women, whether from work have to wear protective clothing, and even for some women when pregnant have been wearing protective clothing, and the need to do?
YANG Hui-xia: It is now no information, do not wear protective clothing to wear and give the pregnant woman or fetus brought significant difference. I do not see foreign women to seek the protection of protective clothing, but in China there are indeed many pregnant women wear. two years ago there was an American doctor to us, she was very surprised, and said why do women have to wear this. I think everyone is a good starting point is to be able to prevent some radiation, but in the end can play a big role Since we do not have much scientific data in this regard, I will inconvenience more comment here.
Moderator: You just mentioned the problem of mobile phone radiation, that cell phone still has some influence on pregnant women, can not predict We need to pay attention about what daily life radiation sources, such as cell phones, copiers, electric stove, microwave them?
YANG Hui-xia: I just talked about and the use of a computer to compare the intensity of mobile phone radiation mobile phone radiation may be relatively large, but after all phone contact time is short, so short-term exposure will not pose a certain influence, and now it is no very precise information reported. as we are more concerned about other issues or microwave oven copiers some of the problems, we are now daily in the microwave, If you are using is the result of a national security check, there should be no problem, but according to some industry certification, and some people think that some brands of microwave ovens Perhaps this quality is not standard, may have an impact, I hope you choose the time or To select through national quality authentication, it will not pose any problem.
mothers during pregnancy in listening attentively to do B-
Moderator: We select the commodity at a later time, or to take note of the , especially during pregnancy, to select high-quality electrical appliances. Another issue examined during pregnancy often do B-, check the baby's situation, would like to ask if the B-check too often will not cause harm to the fetus ?
YANG Hui-xia: In fact, our medical B-, in general, will not cause harm to the fetus, although studies have suggested a few years ago there was a long time the B-radiation, will affect the embryonic cells or villi, but It is experimental research, the long-term B-contact. and in clinical B-have a certain amount of time, the probe will not be fixed to a part of continuous exposure, in general, we use for medical ultrasonic examination does not affect the fetus. Now some people think, because the color of the ultrasonic power higher than black and white, so do not use pregnancy as early as color Doppler ultrasound. But some patients say, is not all Well with the color Doppler ultrasound, in fact, mainly will be used when measuring blood flow in color Doppler ultrasound examination power. Therefore, to check if the early pregnancy although the use of a color ultrasound, but is generally safe.
Moderator: Doctors generally recommended during pregnancy, how many times do B Ultra the most appropriate?
YANG Hui-xia: this applies to each person's case may be, in general, the most important thing is to do a 20 to 22 weeks, the main organ for fetal abnormalities have the inspection area, to over 30 weeks In order to understand the case of fetal development often need to do, in general, ultrasound 2,3 times is enough, but for some special populations, such as gestational age uncertain, early pregnancy need to do a B-ultrasound to determine gestational age, need to Check the appropriate increase in the number of times, but ultrasound in pregnancy does not mean to do better, but to pay attention to the quality of ultrasound examination questions.
Moderator: up to do a few times?
YANG Hui-xia: This fall No restrictions.
what pregnant women need to do amniocentesis?
Moderator: In addition to the B-mode ultrasound during pregnancy, when we need to do a variety of other checks, which check whether the fetus can be identified a priori defects? pregnancy how long can check out this problem?
YANG Hui-xia: fetal birth defects including fetal anatomical abnormalities and chromosomal abnormalities. The former mainly by means of B-checking, but we should also know that although we are of ultrasonic testing technology to improve, but it does not mean that all of the fetal structural abnormalities can be detected by B-. fetal chromosomal abnormalities, if not accompanied by structural abnormalities of the time, B-do not come out to check the main access through amniocentesis fetal cells, and then fetal karyotype analysis to diagnose fetal chromosomal disorders. there are some genetic diseases are gene mutations, or genetic aspects of congenital abnormalities caused, may have to make some special test for this genotype.
scene fathers and mothers
Moderator: These checks are what we usually do during pregnancy examination can be found?
YANG Hui-xia: amniocentesis fetal karyotype analysis does not belong to regular prenatal projects. also That is not all pregnant women need to be invasive detection of the operation to the fetus, after all, the incidence of fetal chromosomes is relatively low. how to do? present, in order to detect fetal chromosomal abnormalities common in clinical practice has been implemented for the fetus during pregnancy 21 Prenatal screening for trisomy project (also known as Down's screening.) prenatal screening of pregnant women's blood is pumping, check the level of maternal blood markers, if the screening results show that high-risk, to suggest fetal chromosomal abnormalities in some opportunity to increase, doctors recommend further action for this high risk invasive operation. But now the method of prenatal screening is not so perfect, there would be screening of pregnant women, although the results suggest for the low-risk, the fetal risk of chromosomal abnormalities is relatively low, but eventually had chromosomal abnormalities. The screening program in the United States and Europe have been able to make the population more than 80% of trisomy 21 were detected. If the use of maternal blood and early The joint screening ultrasound during pregnancy, 90% of the chromosomal abnormality may be able to be screened. B-trimester screening for fetal neck mainly subcutaneous tissue by measuring the thickness and shape of fetal nasal bone. Because fetal neck skin Organization (NT) thickening, suggesting increased chance of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. At present, most medical institutions in our country, the simple screening using maternal serum screening out only six per cent of the chromosomal abnormalities seventies, after all, there are some so-called Screening of pregnant women are low risk, but there are exceptions, unfortunately the last child, which is limited by maternal blood screening. For high-risk pregnant women, prenatal screening or advanced maternal age and previous history of fetal chromosomal abnormalities such as recommend further delivery amniotic fluid biopsy to be diagnosed with karyotype analysis.
Moderator: Are there any side effects of this check?
YANG Hui-xia: Of course, the amniotic fluid in the B-test is directly under the direction of a long needle through the amniotic fluid extraction This invasive procedure may cause infection, which may harm the fetus puncture, puncture the fetus after abortion. as this operation is carried out in B-guided, so that check the security has been improved, but After all, there are some reports puncture after the occurrence of such risks of abortion, although this risk relatively low, in general, is one-thousandth to three thousandths of possibilities. So, that is why the clinic to out some risk factors for screening of pregnant women, which is highly suspected fetal problems in pregnant women and then to do amniocentesis. So to decide who medically invasive procedure to do this need to be considered comprehensive.
women with high blood pressure how to deal with pregnancy
Moderator: Many people trying to get pregnant when they are worried about their own diseases affect children, such as some people already have high blood pressure, long-term in medicine, these people want to be when a child how do? or woman without any problems, but the man has high blood pressure, this case will affect the child?
YANG Hui-xia: In fact, from a health point of view, we should also concern that such couples have When some of these diseases, the disease will not cause harm to the fetus. If a woman is very serious high blood pressure, in which case there will be some risk of pregnancy, some antihypertensive drugs would not only harm the fetus, and is said pregnant women, pregnancy itself can lead to increased disease. If women of childbearing age have high blood pressure, first of all to define their own health can not be qualified for the process of pregnancy. In general If the time not too long suffering from high blood pressure, while blood pressure did not lead to other organ involvement and, for example, kidney, heart and no problems detected, this time he might competent pregnant. on the choice of antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy is mainly taking into account the safety of drugs on the fetus's problem. because there are many formulations of antihypertensive drugs However, when choosing a maternity doctor would rather not be some of the antihypertensive effect is the best, but after a long clinical testing for pregnant women, the fetus is relatively safe. We recommend that women with chronic diseases, whether hypertensive or other diseases, preferably before pregnancy to obstetric physician there, the doctor also do consulting.
for people with chronic hypertension in pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia late opportunity to increase, making his own blood pressure suddenly increased, even urine protein, and so some dangerous situations, so pregnant women with hypertension for prenatal care must be strengthened, that the number of checks during pregnancy but also to frequent some of the best prenatal care in general hospitals.
Moderator: Will genetic?
YANG Hui-xia: hypertension have a relationship with a number of factors, not necessarily genetic, and acquired a lot of life and behavior and other factors are related, also 90 years since the last century, many foreign scholars have since study found that many adult diseases, including hypertension, diabetes and other chronic diseases, the environment and fetal relationship. If he is 9 months in utero during development, such as poor nutritional environment, resulting in fetal intrauterine growth affected and that the fetus in the future occurrence of hypertension or diabetes in adulthood increases the risk that the health of the so-called theory of the origin and disease of the fetus.
how pregnant hepatitis B carriers?
Moderator: In addition to high blood pressure problems are concentrated In addition, there is the problem of hepatitis B carriers, and now we shout a lot of friends online and want to know, as a hepatitis B carriers, like how they give birth to a healthy baby?
YANG Hui-xia: For hepatitis B carriers, we recommend that if She is active viral replication, such as hepatitis B carriers of hepatitis B virus DNA test is positive, suggesting that virus replication in the body, it is best not to rush this case of pregnancy, the first control. While carrying the virus but did not the case of pregnancy, viral replication may be better. of course, in the past during pregnancy has also been to find ways to make some for the immunization of hepatitis B carriers, block the spread of the virus to the fetus, but many scholars now believe that a simple injection of the blocking effect of this is not particularly evident. HBV carriers of pregnant women giving birth early neonatal best active and passive immunization, which may be better. is to fight as soon as possible after the birth of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin, antibodies so that he was born there.
Moderator: So after the baby was born to hepatitis B carriers may not be a?
YANG Hui-xia: best through these measures the degree of blocking child to be hepatitis B carriers, but we also difficult to ensure that by these means absolutely eliminated. < br> making dental film, a child's chest affect you?
Moderator: Other than that, pregnant women, sick during pregnancy may need to do checks, such as the need to take dental pictures or need chest, which will be affect the fetus you?
YANG Hui-xia: Actually making a dental radiation dose is very small chip, theoretically speaking, there will not be much of a problem. If the disease need to do some chest examination, it is best not to do perspective and a chest X-ray film, because the perspective in the X-ray exposure under the relatively long time, and chest X-ray examination once a small amount of radiation exposure, according to medical X-ray inferred that when the radiation dose sufficient to lead to the fetus be affected, but test several times or bad, and pregnant women can also take some time to do chest X-ray medical protection.
pregnant women how to deal with a fever?
Moderator: In addition to checking there to take medicine, I think we should be more concerned about many pregnant women are afraid to take medicine sick, worried cause fetal harm, I would like to ask what drugs during pregnancy can not eat?
YANG Hui-xia: so say some of them may be more general, Because thousands of commonly used medical drugs, which eat the following difficult to say what can not eat. Generally, we follow certain principles of drug use during pregnancy. medicine there is a FDA classification of drugs into ABCDX all classes, A class is safe , but unfortunately, with the exception of vitamins, calcium preparation which drug is no other class A drugs, is generally considered safe B drugs, such as during infectious disease, penicillin is still safe, and some erythromycin class of drugs, as well as cephalosporin class of drugs also belong to B. C drugs in general for pregnant women, fetal effects, but there are some relatively small, although not as B-type drugs so safe. Most of the application of antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy belong to class C drug, but for the D, especially the X-type drugs, is to disable the drugs during pregnancy. D class of drugs that we selected, unless the mother's illness is very serious, not drugs may cause the mother's health when it is no great harm in the short term application. In general, doctors use various drugs in reference to the time the classification of the drug to choose. but basically, as some proprietary annotation of such a classification, because the FDA's classification of against Western medicine. So the application of proprietary Chinese medicines or to refer to instructions, etc., also go on the guidance of doctors use a number of drugs.
Moderator: If we just have a cold or the small problems like diarrhea and can deal with their own What home ?
YANG Hui-xia: If you are not a very bad cold, fever, and so can not eat Chinese traditional medicines, such as we used heat cold granules, the drug Radix no such problem, because for so many years has been in clinical use. If there really fever, high fever throughout pregnancy are detrimental for the embryo and fetus, so if there is fever, especially in body temperature at 38 degrees or 38.5 degrees Celsius, we should also be timely to take anti-fever medication. now commonly used such as Tylenol or one hundred Ning and other drugs is relatively safe, regardless of early pregnancy or in late pregnancy, if pregnant women, high fever, with some physical methods also, such as we can with some ice or use rubbing alcohol, if necessary, temporary taking anti-fever drugs no problem. Many patients told me that Yang Taifu my bulging, but the fact that fever itself is detrimental to the fetus.
Professor Yang Huixia and hosts
Moderator: Actually, sickness and should not be hard rendered, that medication is not good for the fetus, so that is not allowed.
YANG Hui-xia: Yes, because only the mother health, the fetus in a good environment to grow and develop.
whether the maternal depression should eat medicine?
Moderator: In addition to physical illness than there are psychological problems, such as many pregnant women have depression during pregnancy, the tendency appears that maternal depression should take medicine?
YANG Hui-xia: Some pregnant women in the case of depression during pregnancy, we need to look her degree, first we want to be concerned about this kind of psychological disorders, if we find a great mood swings pregnant women to find a psychiatrist to communicate in a timely manner, if very light, then perhaps through conversation, through non-pharmacological means, can be adjusted to make her whole situation, not necessarily drug use under control, if the situation is very serious drug cases must, under the guidance of doctors should also be safe drug use, be sure to remind you this time Find a professional psychological doctor, not because of pregnancy after we have this problem since they shy away from teeth, do not want to see the psychological doctor, and delayed diagnosis and treatment of disease, it is not necessary, but also as an obstetrician For guidance in this regard certainly more professional than a psychiatrist.
cause fetal birth control pills affect you?
Moderator: to remind you or to pay attention to some, I heard a lot of trouble easily during pregnancy, bad mood, not a disease of concern is the tendency.
There contraceptives, a lot of friends asking if the long-term use of contraceptives, such as has been for a year, and now want to have children, whether there will be impact?
YANG Hui-xia: On the pill, if the time to eat, usually are short-acting contraceptives, the general said after stopping birth control pills, a month or more, if the situation back to normal menstruation can pregnant because She had discontinued the drug can not long persist in the body, so in general do not have a major impact.
Moderator: It was also asked to take emergency contraception but still pregnant, so that children can be you?
YANG Hui-xia: If you eat the emergency contraceptive pregnant after a contraceptive failure, in theory, would not pose too big an impact on the fetus, or can. but also to remind you that after the emergency contraceptive pill or not may be used as long-term method of contraception in some special circumstances we can remedy the provisional application as a.
fetal death and fetal malformations which cause?
Moderator: There are a class of problems we are asking , there is a case, for example, both spouses are not abnormal family history, but check when fetal abnormalities were found, had induced labor the. There fetus before birth because of various reasons such as death of the short umbilical cord, and I ask and the environment, radiation has a relationship like you?
YANG Hui-xia: You just mentioned the two issues. On the issue of birth defects, in fact, many patients think that the family no one has these problems, why their children occur some bad situations. In fact, the cause fetal birth defects for many reasons, there are genetic factors, there are some environmental factors, there are some very clear we are not medical factors. environmental factors, including the environment we have just related to the radiation, pregnancy drug problems, there are some factors such as infections, some infections, the clinical investigation may not necessarily be able to come out, which may affect the health of the fetus development. some of the mother's disease, for example, early in embryonic development, when the presence of high maternal blood sugar, which can cause high blood sugar environment unhealthy embryo development, the formation of structure defects. Therefore, delivery of a child may not have birth defects, genetic family history, and more may be caused by other factors. So, once delivery birth defects in pregnant women, next time you need to do before pregnancy to prepare the appropriate checks after pregnancy should go to the hospital some of the larger health care, experienced the second trimester ultrasound, please check the doctor except for fetal abnormalities.
you mentioned Alternatively, due to various causes fetal death, this depends on the cause, the umbilical cord of the problem or some other factors leading to fetal hypoxia, or the fetus itself has a number of diseases. For instance, we now find that some children The reason to the late death of the fetus itself may have some metabolic diseases, and congenital metabolic diseases there are many, not medically able to check out. After all, the incidence of such cases is relatively low, nor does it check all all pregnant women metabolic diseases, so the situation must be addressed for the individual.
best age pregnancy and how to deal with fertility problems to work white-collar
Moderator: How long after miscarriage can be pregnant again?
YANG Hui-xia: If abortion after the problem is not obvious complications, to be menstruation two to three months of pregnancy in general can start again, especially for some older, and do not have to wait too long.
Moderator: just said older problem, which is all concentrated, because there are large cities because of work reasons many women of childbearing age had to be postponed, in which case there is any good way to ensure that older mothers to give birth to a healthy baby?
YANG Hui-xia: If for various reasons, pregnancy, older program, everyone should know to pregnancy problems caused by old age, one is increasing with age, the chance of fetal chromosomal abnormalities will certainly increase.
Moderator : is the increased chance of fetal abnormalities?
YANG Hui-xia: in particular, chromosome abnormalities, and now our country has provided for pregnant women for over 35 years old, it is recommended to do a direct chromosome analysis of amniotic fluid puncture. In particular, over the age of 35, with the age increased the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities will be further increased, to remind these women should be aware that if possible, try to do an amniocentesis fetal chromosome analysis.
Another thing, its increase with age, disease, such as hypertension, diabetes will be more opportunities, it is best done before pregnancy, a comprehensive physical examination. If you simply older than some, but all aspects of health are good, in addition to increased risk of fetal chromosome other than pregnancy-induced hypertension during pregnancy appears and so will also increase. This requires one hand, older pregnant women after pregnancy, the easier pace of work place, do not particularly work pressure, the other, to strengthen health care during pregnancy, I believe the majority of older pregnant women under the guidance of a doctor can still have a healthy baby is born.
Moderator: work pressure just mentioned, because many pregnant women during pregnancy or to continue to work, there is a users message that her work pressure is relatively large, and emotionally vulnerable to the impact of the work , would like to ask this be bad for children, how to reduce the impact on children?
YANG Hui-xia: 9 months of pregnancy is the time, especially in our Chinese family to a child, so advise pregnant women in all occupations due to the pace of work during and easily put some hope that their colleagues and her superiors that a little understanding of them that, if the work environment can not relax and return to the family environment, or should this small living arrangements of their own easy to some, such as the home often listen to music, women who work at lunchtime to ensure that after a short lunch break, such as looking for a place to rest quietly for half an hour adjustments.
work if the pressure is indeed large, We can not control people, to find ways to adjust their emotions, their emotions and if the total is not good, no good for the fetus. and the child from the perspective of the fetus should always pay attention from the palace, since pregnancy is about to become mothers, In fact, everything you do during pregnancy, not all children can be healthy for the future growth and development can have a very good thing, so third trimester of pregnancy often listen to music, adjust the mood is still good for the fetus.
Moderator: Prenatal there is a role?
YANG Hui-xia: the question about the prenatal care do not want to do too much discussion. but pregnant women often listen to some music, read some prose, so that the mood of pregnant women would be better, and to pregnant women during late pregnancy if the fetus is very concerned about fetal delivery down you may be more concerned about him. because he was not even born when you put on him, how he may be a healthy idea of the baby, once he was born down the communication with the child may be more of them.
Moderator: go back to the age question, What is the best age pregnancy?
YANG Hui-xia: general physiological age from 25 to 30 years to consider is an ideal stage, but if that is slightly smaller then the 25-year-old How old, how old or 30 year old that has not much of a problem, such as from the medical definition of less than 20 years of age, especially in less than 18 years of age, it is too young, and if more than 35 years of age in medicine is defined as old.
Moderator: age limit for men?
YANG Hui-xia: bad men in general is too large, because of his age, after too large may affect sperm quality and because of sperm chromosome abnormalities will increase relative to the opportunity.
folic acid pregnant how to correct?
Moderator: Some people say this kind of advanced maternal age can advance to add a variety of trace elements, such as one year in advance, six months of folic acid to eat these things, that can reduce the risk that this view is correct you?
YANG Hui-xia: It is now the world have advocated from the supplement containing folic acid before pregnancy, a variety of vitamins, actually can reduce the occurrence of fetal birth defects, pregnant women should not just speaking for the elderly, because previous WHO (World Health Organization) have the genetic center in Budapest, Hungary for a period of 8 years doing clinical research, this study is to let a group of pregnant women for three months before pregnancy, start taking multivitamins containing folic acid, another group did not take, the results did taking down this group of reducing neural tube defects, including heart, there are other birth defects are reduced. so we now advocate, if possible, before pregnancy is not whether you are old, are taking the best multivitamins containing folic acid. but from the price is, because a variety of vitamins containing folic acid folic acid than simply more expensive, so if the majority of pregnant women in rural areas can not begin before pregnancy, multivitamin supplement, at least to add a small dose of folic acid, because small doses of folic acid in reducing neural tube defects have a certain effect.
Moderator: There are friends that have been taking Si Lian (folic acid) tablets, already for a year and a half, it was said to eat more bad, will prevent the absorption of zinc, folic acid is not to eat it also have side effects?
YANG Hui-xia: because such a small amount of folic acid preparations, even though there will not be too long to eat, we added folic acid in early or a small dose of the vitamin folic acid, less than one milligram per day, no problem.
Moderator: diet also requires attention to some issues, such as during pregnancy, some people say can not eat crabs, snails can not eat these things, These claims do make sense?
YANG Hui-xia: No truth, but to pay attention to hygiene to eat the seafood,.
Moderator: There is no food during pregnancy can not eat?
YANG Hui-xia: no special.
experts to answer users questions
Moderator: Come see the User's message.
users: Summer films, mosquito coils in the indoor point will not affect the fetal stomach?
YANG Hui-xia : general electric mosquito coils that constitute what the fetus would not, of course, your piece, mosquito coils or use mosquito coils must be a quality product.
users: There is information that can be prevented in the abdomen with some olive oil stretch marks, but olive oil will not be directly applied to the abdomen hurts?
YANG Hui-xia: olive oil applied to the abdomen can not really avoid the occurrence of stretch marks can not say this because some women do every day, some oil in the coating, Finally, stretch marks do not form, but the clinic did not see what some women have no stretch marks painted, do not know a coincidence or oil at work, but you can rest assured that olive oil does not have any effect on the fetus. < br> Host: If you are interested we can try.
users: during pregnancy had eczema, this will not cause fetal heart defects?
YANG Hui-xia: eczema will not affect the fetus's heart, it touches rubella virus infection may be hazardous to the fetus, causing microcephaly, or the development of cardiac abnormalities. rubella infection occurs during pregnancy is relatively small, because most people have been infected with rubella before pregnancy, in childhood or adolescence infected with rubella, and measles for life if the infection will get immunity. If the pregnancy is really very unfortunate primary rubella infection may need to be aware, but that rubella infection has nothing to do with eczema, urticaria is caused by rubella virus. < br> Host: Vaccination before pregnancy to avoid you?
YANG Hui-xia: Yes, now we can do is to pre-pregnancy rubella vaccination virus vaccine, is now in clinical practice for many years, so now a lot of Young girls may be played in childhood rubella vaccine, and rubella vaccine immunization for life after kick, so in the future will not have rubella virus infection. If the number of pregnant women will not know that he is not had rubella infection You can go check rubella antibody pregnant, because it is a long-term antibody, If you already have antibodies to rubella will not be infected, so you can rest assured pregnancy. Conversely, if the age to be pregnant a check or rubella antibody positive, it means you have not been infected, you can play pre-pregnancy rubella vaccine, rubella vaccine because of the epidemic prevention station in our country have. In the past that finish after the three-rubella vaccine to fight the months may be pregnant, but now according to U.S. researchers reported that, so after a month rubella vaccine can be pregnant.
friends: I take birth control ring for two months, this case would affect pregnancy?
YANG Hui-xia: It should not have much impact.
friends: pregnancy, but the IUD is still, to have that child, do not take the ring would be affected?
YANG Hui-xia: If you want the child may bad check ring, because the ring to take the issue could lead to the occurrence of abortion.
Moderator: This ring will not affect the child's health is still up?
YANG Hui-xia: To determine the circumstances, such as some birth control more than four five years, copper has almost released, the impact would not be significant.
experts to answer questions on-site users
Moderator: Site users can also ask if there are problems.
site visitor: I am listening to the others When pregnancy does not cause cord around the neck accidentally fell tumble, there is such a phenomenon you?
YANG Hui-xia: there is no reason.
site users: I in 23 weeks time to do B-and found that fetal right and left renal pelvis was 0.6 and 0.7cm, this would be a problem? B-the doctor said was normal.
YANG Hui-xia: 23 weeks to check fetal renal pelvis a bit wider, you can have some time to review. if, with the pregnancy week increase in more and more widened pelvis, pay attention to the urethral obstruction is not there.
site users: that if there is expansion of the renal pelvis may be caused by a variety of reasons?
YANG Hui-xia: Your current situation not constitute a pathological anomaly, if the gestational age increased significantly with the expansion, we should see if there is no urinary tract obstruction.
site users: If you increase the expansion of the renal pelvis, is not it impossible during the treatment of the fetus can only be born later treatment?
YANG Hui-xia: depends on the severity of obstruction, if obstruction is very serious, serious expansion of the renal pelvis may be the final impact of fetal renal function, but fortunately this happens is relatively less.
site User: Eat complex vitamins, such as the inside of the vitamin D-containing ...
Monday, December 27, 2010
A false fire kiln in Jingdezhen kilns Millennium
Jingdezhen: Millennium kiln fire the kiln
Qu Han Tomb Sweeping holiday, the Qu Han-written article on aspects of Jingdezhen porcelain kiln firing log reports, the south folk songs for the opening we mm WU
4 months, the spring auction market hot. porcelain, especially in the Ming and Qing kiln control once again become the focus of making games. Beijing Poly special ceramic hybrid total turnover of up to 17,530,000, part of the Guardian hit the porcelain jade crafts of more than 4580 million, Sotheby's Hong Kong dollar 750 million more based on the achievements of Chinese porcelain have always been refreshed and arts and crafts auction record.
However, outside the field in the film, the same excitement as well: porcelain fraud. In recent years, with the kiln soaring market prices, and continue to create high price, in order to seek profits, kiln fraud industry has continued to grow. whether the production process or the distribution channels, all as if fraud has formed a complete industrial chain.
Recently, Looking back on the clues provided by the relevant people, newspaper reporters and WU, author of the Ming and Qing China visited the counterfeiters powerhouse mm Jingdezhen kilns, to reveal to readers the reality of false relics, and to explore the hidden interests behind the chain.
on Jingdezhen has a story: a Customs inspectors intercepted a group of porcelain want to leave, after the national-level cultural relics are found, so they immediately bring this porcelain had to speak the truth, that these are modern high imitation goods, not a true antique. But no matter how he argued to no avail, so he had invited these master, and made him exactly the same in the field of porcelain. so, after some false appearance, But I believe more is to show off the superb technology of Jingdezhen fraud.
with skeptical reporters into the Jingdezhen. This started in the Eastern Jin Dynasty porcelain, the rise in the Song, its peak in the Qing porcelain and porcelain is still as busy: busy here.
After some twists and turns, the reporter finally found a kiln in Jingdezhen workshops counterfeiting. by tracking the rituals of these different scales, different levels of false base, the reporter witnessed the birth of fake kiln process At the same time a counterfeit, fake goods, the chain is gradually making false surface.
be restored kiln formula
unannounced visits to people: a knock
identity of Chapter: 20 years old engaged in counterfeiting unannounced visits to artisan
Location: Metropolis
Jingdezhen City in the name of the name of the purchase of high melamine, the reporter saw the fake industry in Jingdezhen veteran character called: Chapter One knock. into his new capital in the home, the reporter could not help but secretly surprised: a three-storey cottage in the small Western-style in the very visible around the yard filled with a variety of dynasties, different-type of porcelain, after several rain, all of them were washed away Zeng new watt light.
layer of porcelain is fired building workshop, in addition to the indoor part of the yard has also put up a nearly 100 square meters of temporary housing. corner of the house dozens of bags piled fired porcelain clay, struck chapter is weighing a variety of ingredients with known weight. In addition a half filled with a different device type, not fired porcelain bodies, and some have been painted on the pattern, waiting for the glaze. the middle with the placement of the porcelain gas kiln, this kiln was improved in recent years, from the use of coal into a gas, the use of this technology is said to greatly improved quality of air in Jingdezhen. kilns where the fire is fierce, a group of Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty custom pen is in the firing. corner of the room playing the machines have been endlessly turning the glaze, producing loud roar.
second floor is the family's living space. the living room wall, wooden lattice in place of the dozens of pieces of porcelain, Zhang stressed that struck most of the real thing which is his decades of doing this collection.
floor is high melamine painting room, painting all the porcelain bodies work done here. in noisy pop music, five young people are skilled sketch, paint, put in different years for the porcelain coat. a young man is drawn Emperor Yongzheng of the pen, he said he came to this work 3 years, and be skilled. For him, landscape painting easier, one and a half hours to get one, because of the need to be vivid portraits, so relatively more difficult to draw, almost two hours. wages on piece rates , he will get about 3000 a month.
talking about his high melamine, Zhang self-confidence a knock from the eyes, mouth and every action to show it without modification.
what period the porcelain? Kiln few knowledgeable people know a little is that this is false. a long history of the Qing Dynasty, porcelain is the peak production, so the quantity is relatively large. While living in the Qing Imperial civil society is not much, but many people have left to chance , thinking that they can Jianlou, so easy to shot.
not afraid of testing equipment. , and raw materials to feed the old crater taken from the ancient times. like a magnet to do is to use porcelain Empress of Anhui Keemun pit is dug during the Empress Dowager Cixi; kaolin is bought from a nearby old village, and a hundred more dollars a bag, the local government not to sell, taking advantage of the night, villagers digging, loading, my family kept a few hundred pounds, and then these components are the same. glazes are expensive to buy, a pound 3600 dollars would glaze, hair color and absolute good.
Therefore, the bubble will appear on the porcelain. Now porcelain general use of natural gas, temperature uniformity, but I can adjust the amount of gas to control the kiln temperature, turn it a few minutes, and then amplified a few minutes, you want a big or small bubbles bubbles all of a sudden you can burn out. function pass? market is absolutely no problem. before it, we are the film printed on porcelain painting, can be virtually on the wooden screen, the lines are not smooth. Now a master of how to paint? an old stuff put aside, and do not have to porcelain Figure out down, but the style is fully digested, such as the Kangxi Period of people are big stomach, her face is deformed, I would take the paintings out of style, location, probably put a bit on it, very casual. struck said.
commonly known as the the key link.
imitation of the Qing Emperor Qianlong could have been something, bubble a bit longer, a test that is what has become the Ming Dynasty, a short time into a dynasty of another, this is a headache. Now that medicine has become obsolete, most recently a professor at the University of Nanjing very good with the medicine I use, just like the old treated the same as the glazed. generally to Paoshang day and night, even if it will not be too long, very smooth. But the old way to do each is different, I heard other people also useful for cooking Chinese or black tea, which are confidential friends!
the other holding a sample to custom, and then butcher who l r (second-hand dealer) and then take it when the old sales. , the initial dealer hands, things are true, they would go to hotels to find the buyer talk, if the buyer is 20 million to 50 million they will have to try to widen the difference of both sides, the time delay in the negotiations. played both sides tug of war of the neutral gear, the dealer will find someone to imitate exactly the same as a fake. and then give buyers call, if the other party a little bit of that 26 million raised, they will lose money selling that need to spend 28 minutes if not less. In fact, this is a high imitation goods, also the value of thousands of dollars.
some experience. to do a very good outside, do not pay attention to detail. to pack ring. I do after the drill hit the jar empty, the thought that doing perfect, the results met a local expert. a look at where the man to get started are right, but later said it saw the hole piece is a fake. I certainly not convinced, so he took out credentials. He said, l is the ancient hand-drill holes, and could see the threads, you use the drill speed quickly without leaving traces. r said I was convinced, and later became good friends with him. grade 4, 30 years old forced to start living a fake porcelain business, in order to learn to do ceramics, he bought a junior high school chemistry textbooks, chemistry periodic table shoved back, at age 35, began painting on porcelain. his name also related to fraud. a lot of porcelain because of long years by the external collision, will have a small wall, chapter is to use a knock on the unique skills of a knock on the cobblestones in the porcelain, you can win their appearance is not broken, the inner wall has numerous small chicken pattern of the state. Therefore, people often ask him to help knock on porcelain, tap 50, knocks of 100 per hh
Zhang said he is currently doing a knock on imitation goods still belong to middle and low, the price between a few hundred to several thousand, the annual income of about 20 million. He admits that he quickly outdated, Jingdezhen really all-powerful is these young people, their technology with each passing day, the market is very competitive. Features: 70 unannounced visits after the power to send
Location: counterfeiting workshop
Yu Xiufeng is such a young rookie, made with high imitation pastels kiln, this year just 33 years old, he already has 3 million of assets . The small and thin, high forehead, the eyes of young people concave inadvertently reveal the shrewd and ambitious. His family rarely seen elements of life, more like a large ceramics workshop, underground kilns, pug room, a number of a drawing room, there are dazzling showroom.
know that reporters had come after Yu Xiufeng apart from anything else, take a certain auction company's auction catalog placed in front of reporters, turn one page: the top India is a Qing dynasty, painted green round bottle, Kowloon, the auction price of 130 million. journalists recorded in the Figure, when Yu Xiufeng to exactly the same as a bottle into the front of the circle, do. This is just new to do, not dealt with as soon as the old do absolutely no problem. Imitation? I have it, the original is 300 pieces (pieces that measure the size of small units of porcelain), imitation goods is 500 pieces, stuff I do know just by looking at certain. I was bought spent 12 million, imitation can be sold for at least a pair of new twenty thousand, after a certain number do enough to add some money to a little r l hen also sell and buy new varieties, then imitation. We The purpose is to make money.
these so-called also serves as a guest of the ashtray. but one thing is certain, he did make a high imitation goods openly embarked on the auction table, and successfully sold.
pass, however, wanted to auction the company's signing means bribe members of a commitment to the auction and he earned money into, and the money than he paid thousands of dollars many times higher, so is likely to buy. Of course, in addition to buy a certain relationship to the film imitate the technology must have some attractions, Yu Xiufeng's unique skills is: tell your pick. porcelain identification of the authenticity of the bottom of the inscription is an important element of the new Yu Xiufeng cut down to do a piece of porcelain bottom, and then embedded in a kiln site of the dilapidated from the bottom of Authenticity inscribed, so that greatly increased the credibility of fakes.
fact, then tell your new porcelain is not a new invention, the general porcelain kiln The imitator can do that. But to be difficult to match exactly in respect of genuine porcelain bonding is not an easy thing to do, do go astray can be seen by the naked eye. Yuxiu Feng said proudly, then at the end of his very high precision tools, a value of millions of devices, technology is also very skilled workers. do not come out perfect. the innermost corner, the reporter saw a bunch of pieces scattered across the disk. most of them are at the bottom of porcelain, there are various dynasties of the inscription, which the Qing Emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong three generations of the majority. Yuxiu Feng said that these are Jingdezhen kiln factory site in the tiles, there are hand dug and sold to him.
kiln factory is the court made specifically for the Ming and Qing dynasties porcelain sector, in order to ensure the palace into the porcelain is fine, Whenever a baked porcelain kiln, where there are defective will be crack away. so far in the kiln, the remains buried there are a large number of tiles. According to the the original is located in Jingdezhen City, the site was excavated, the government moved to new capital, while the imperial kiln plant is also protected. when the site was under order to tap the tiles around to deliberately rented a kiln factory Some stores do not open the door to do business during the day and at night hit the ground floor tiles authentic stolen.
addition to porcelain itself, Yu Xiufeng will make an issue of the packaging. tens of thousands of pieces, which I value is not porcelain, but the installation of porcelain box. to the old box, as long as the film, at least he could take more than a million. because of the old packaging, l r were exposed to high, and buyers are likely to be kept off the. 17-year-old to follow the master of young people running Shanghai to buy fake goods, and now business is flourishing. Yuxiu Feng told reporters, in order to craft sophisticated, he often read and study opponents of workers under the very strict requirements, as long as there are fakes found not a trace of his thorough investigation must be reasons, and immediately ordered the workers to correct.
reporters to see the goods in time, and buyers come in two to Beijing to see them hundreds of times, you can determine here is the old customers. Yu Xiufeng told reporters that his main flow of goods in Beijing, and his brother opened in Beijing Curio City, a store, specializing in high-end fakes him.
not met the br> unannounced visits to the People: Sheng Rongguang
identity: Trivia officials and businessmen on both sides of two unannounced visits to people
Location: Shenghua company
industry in Jingdezhen in circulating a fake ranking, can enter the List of all master of all aspects of fraud, although many people claim to be the top few players, but nobody dared to seat the first seat, because everyone knows only belong to one person: Sheng Rongguang. < br> heard a lot about Sheng Rongguang before, but his contact was an accident.
car driving on the road to Jingdezhen, the reporter received a phone call, is recognized by the antique dealer friend calling LEE Wing-fat , the phone said he was from Shanghai back to Jingdezhen, the evening will bring some good things to reporters at his hotel.
7 pm, in the open in sub-Jingdezhen Hotel Metropole, LEE Wing-hair time by ringing the doorbell . just this Heishou young voices are hoarse, round eyes glanced around from time to time.
and Mr LEE Wing was also sent to a person with his forties, wearing a red down jacket, body extra baggage, his face braved the shiny, silver-rimmed glasses can be seen through one of his eyes is not freely rotating, slanting forehead, a scar on the left, had marked thinning of the hair gel to a handful after handful stood up. He told SHENG Rong Cheung, is the by one light out: a pair of Paradise Pastel bottle, a bottle and two Kangxi Qing Emperor Qianlong and Red flower pot. Dasheng mouth and said, imitations of these high similarity with the real thing in more than 90% No one else can come in Jingdezhen. And this is the only world there is no second. . house plant take you to see my brother, his stuff is the best. br> LEE Wing-fat later told reporters earlier in the Sheng home is high melamine industry in Jingdezhen, the early 80s, first made a reputation for great Sheng, and later a small Sheng also joined the ranks, the two brothers was not to compete between each other, Finally, in order to maintain brotherhood Dasheng voluntarily gave up his own production, the factory also gave the best ingredients chef brother. Dasheng now mainly in sales, to help my brother describes customers, but also for other high-like plant business. < br> The next day half past three p.m., large white blooms with a silver Hyundai with a reporter off. After about twenty minutes, the car stopped at a busy city. Tai Shing said, something his brother is busy, so We went to see his ceramics museum. the museum about 500 square meters, two storeys, the main reservoir of porcelain Yuan Ming and Qing dynasties, it is a good time in April, but the museum does not have any tourists, only one reception staff at the door. reporter guessed circle found more than a hundred pieces of porcelain furnishings, in addition to the few genuine Republican, the other porcelain reproductions are marked.
Since the name of the museum's signature , how to display the full imitation goods? legitimate journalists understand, the big smile Sheng introduce them, filmed, took 8.8 million, was a connoisseur Dingdingyouming eye passed over. And this bottle of nine peach, filmed in several auction companies, developed the original light to the first three years, spent a more than a million yet. Which you took a fancy to one that will talk to my brother. A finished, the next can also be used if necessary behind the scenes deal.
then, large small Sheng Sheng taken to a company news. After a railway train, the car drove to a remote suburb of the alley, car , the front has two four-story office building with large sign above the set, are the brother, sister and large nephew, talking, he looked at his old modern, there was some imbalance in tone.
small Sheng does not appear, the staff of a company received us, he said, Sheng is working with the Beijing Great Hall of the total people who talk about things, get away. The so-called reception room is actually a fake porcelain showroom stocked with all kinds around the room-type of porcelain, decorated very elegant.
After about half an hour, not to small-Shing, Tai Shing some sit still. I called him out, came back and told reporters that small-Shing may not have time today, you can come another day.
Dasheng drove away with regret, in the car, he told reporters, the reason does not appear that the small Sheng Mo Buzhun to the identity. Those who lack confidence, he will not rush each other. and he did not See what the Great Hall of the people, the whole afternoon together, and a local leader.
population of more than 50 million, of which more than half of the population are directly or indirectly participate into the production and sale of porcelain, except in the porcelain industry, there are transportation, business and other related supporting industries. These porcelain industry survival shape the workshop, Studio, production and other small folk-based Research. long projections said.
data from the private sector is much higher than official estimates, according Porcelain years in the business WANG Xiang estimated that home workshops are 20,30. access streets, the public selling low-grade imitations Yuan Ming and Qing dynasties porcelain spread the row upon row of shops, there are pitfalls everywhere, everywhere Cang Yi, it is difficult to see a few decent shops in the art of porcelain, the feeling and the exposure to Beijing's Panjiayuan, Nanjing The Confucius Temple is almost the same. For a huge number of counterfeit industry, the local government seems more willing to be interpreted as dullest, especially porcelain Kangxi three generations, from the device type, child porcelain, pictures and other point of view has been fully restored. one hundred is difficult to have a successful, there must be sacrifice. Porcelain infinitely close, but in the end not the same, generally hidden from the eyes of the experts.
collector's home, which flourishes in the rich entrepreneurs often weaving the dream that they can buy a treasure Jianlou. what the market wants to spend millions to buy hundreds of thousands, tens of millions or billions of also want to spend hundreds of thousands of things to buy. Palace are rare in the baby, there are many pieces of your own home, is it possible? is completely self-deception, intention is not right.
There is also a way to directly send the auction. no after-effects on the film thing, because the auction law that is not declared on the auction in advance of the auction fidelity Disclaimer. Hanhai auction company two years ago because of Wu's imitation goods auction to court, although I found Wu is fake, but the buyer still loses . which is a big meat in the integrity of the auction house is not reliable, not to mention those little, sometimes a down 60%, 70% are false. out of the more experts. If these two aspects of most problems, then the expert's always responded with disdain. Zhang said he was struck Kam Po seen so many TV shows, the conclusion is: the experts shit. l This is the jar say something earth r, that is, in fact, out of Jingdezhen. Some experts also see the porcelain smooth lines on the screen identified as the real thing, this is too funny it! the workshop with us, the teacher a day to draw dozens of apprentices, small pupil was tired of painting to a painting on the essays, experts say strokes flowing down the screen at random, determine the style of the Yuan Dynasty. Although we are not an expert, but stronger than they look much more attractive! Empress tape and its own imitations. The results of experts to say that is the new old, old as counter to new. fast, they do not read have no idea. see the high imitation porcelain kiln, he would also be high as a genuine melamine.
Gao'an Museum Jin-Sheng Liu, said: writing is really very beautiful, really look at things from the dealer but not as good as reselling heritage, but that these people are still in the identification of cultural relics and even signed, open the certificate, the terms of disrupting the relics, and also lost a real need to protect the national heritage cultural sector have to say is sad. % of the artifacts need to improve the identification of the level of experts. a chaotic situation, deliberately 忽悠. materials, etc., are cultural workers should have the basic common sense. In view of these experts can lay hundreds of years, the gains a thousand years of history are in fact some of the basic elements, these words set to the real thing is so, is also set to leave such things are patterned. really distinguish between true and false relics, the truth in any place where fake is carefully distinguished. such as the Ming Dynasty glaze, is the real Ming glaze, or imitation, except where they may Shuibu Lai had. 忽悠 countries and people.
addition to practical skills is not enough, the lack of morality is one. The. some antique dealers selling porcelain and experts when even collusion, in advance, said good forty-six points, or five five (profit), to sell counterfeit entrepreneurs. I met a lot of this situation a few years later, These entrepreneurs wake up, but can not pick up the legal weapons to protect themselves. Sadly, there are still many people still come to their senses. team of experts, then a few years later, we leave to future generations will be a bunch of high imitation artifacts. he said with emotion: and the number reached about 5% of collections.
in earlier hit series was told it was false from the circle of the first master the production of imitation goods mm Zhu imitation, which makes all the surprise of experts, the museum curator is Xiufen harder and harder, eventually diving himself. It now appears that Compared with the real story is not an exaggeration, but very little in life as to buy a fake and who committed suicide jumping into a river, but by all means, hands, sold under the house.
; tomorrow where
in Jingdezhen, the first generation of reform and opening up have entered a fraud in his later years Congress, and now have behind them the next generation successors. chapter struck told reporters that his daughter son has run from his own workshop, his son also plan to do this trip. In the kiln shop, chapter by patiently taught his son how to knock to see the kiln's heat, and whenever a customer comes, behind his son would follow in his father how the wind blows, learn business sense. According to a press view of the investigation, business fraud in Jingdezhen, this inherited his father is widespread. easy to understand why: For children, the long-term osmosis, into such a role is easy; and parents do , as long as the child is willing to learn, they will give everything, and selfless dedication. deeper reason: the immutable law of the market, Jingdezhen porcelain-workers also need to update the state of existence, two generations of the cultural role of the natural extension was easily able to . In the copy counterfeit copy generations ago, while easy life of abundance, survival is so simple, the number of kiln workers who will hope for themselves or to learn the rich Xiabei five cars, painstaking effort to be a maverick, penniless, br> However, some ways, this selling fake goods in the
Qu Han Tomb Sweeping holiday, the Qu Han-written article on aspects of Jingdezhen porcelain kiln firing log reports, the south folk songs for the opening we mm WU
4 months, the spring auction market hot. porcelain, especially in the Ming and Qing kiln control once again become the focus of making games. Beijing Poly special ceramic hybrid total turnover of up to 17,530,000, part of the Guardian hit the porcelain jade crafts of more than 4580 million, Sotheby's Hong Kong dollar 750 million more based on the achievements of Chinese porcelain have always been refreshed and arts and crafts auction record.
However, outside the field in the film, the same excitement as well: porcelain fraud. In recent years, with the kiln soaring market prices, and continue to create high price, in order to seek profits, kiln fraud industry has continued to grow. whether the production process or the distribution channels, all as if fraud has formed a complete industrial chain.
Recently, Looking back on the clues provided by the relevant people, newspaper reporters and WU, author of the Ming and Qing China visited the counterfeiters powerhouse mm Jingdezhen kilns, to reveal to readers the reality of false relics, and to explore the hidden interests behind the chain.
on Jingdezhen has a story: a Customs inspectors intercepted a group of porcelain want to leave, after the national-level cultural relics are found, so they immediately bring this porcelain had to speak the truth, that these are modern high imitation goods, not a true antique. But no matter how he argued to no avail, so he had invited these master, and made him exactly the same in the field of porcelain. so, after some false appearance, But I believe more is to show off the superb technology of Jingdezhen fraud.
with skeptical reporters into the Jingdezhen. This started in the Eastern Jin Dynasty porcelain, the rise in the Song, its peak in the Qing porcelain and porcelain is still as busy: busy here.
After some twists and turns, the reporter finally found a kiln in Jingdezhen workshops counterfeiting. by tracking the rituals of these different scales, different levels of false base, the reporter witnessed the birth of fake kiln process At the same time a counterfeit, fake goods, the chain is gradually making false surface.
be restored kiln formula
unannounced visits to people: a knock
identity of Chapter: 20 years old engaged in counterfeiting unannounced visits to artisan
Location: Metropolis
Jingdezhen City in the name of the name of the purchase of high melamine, the reporter saw the fake industry in Jingdezhen veteran character called: Chapter One knock. into his new capital in the home, the reporter could not help but secretly surprised: a three-storey cottage in the small Western-style in the very visible around the yard filled with a variety of dynasties, different-type of porcelain, after several rain, all of them were washed away Zeng new watt light.
layer of porcelain is fired building workshop, in addition to the indoor part of the yard has also put up a nearly 100 square meters of temporary housing. corner of the house dozens of bags piled fired porcelain clay, struck chapter is weighing a variety of ingredients with known weight. In addition a half filled with a different device type, not fired porcelain bodies, and some have been painted on the pattern, waiting for the glaze. the middle with the placement of the porcelain gas kiln, this kiln was improved in recent years, from the use of coal into a gas, the use of this technology is said to greatly improved quality of air in Jingdezhen. kilns where the fire is fierce, a group of Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty custom pen is in the firing. corner of the room playing the machines have been endlessly turning the glaze, producing loud roar.
second floor is the family's living space. the living room wall, wooden lattice in place of the dozens of pieces of porcelain, Zhang stressed that struck most of the real thing which is his decades of doing this collection.
floor is high melamine painting room, painting all the porcelain bodies work done here. in noisy pop music, five young people are skilled sketch, paint, put in different years for the porcelain coat. a young man is drawn Emperor Yongzheng of the pen, he said he came to this work 3 years, and be skilled. For him, landscape painting easier, one and a half hours to get one, because of the need to be vivid portraits, so relatively more difficult to draw, almost two hours. wages on piece rates , he will get about 3000 a month.
talking about his high melamine, Zhang self-confidence a knock from the eyes, mouth and every action to show it without modification.
what period the porcelain? Kiln few knowledgeable people know a little is that this is false. a long history of the Qing Dynasty, porcelain is the peak production, so the quantity is relatively large. While living in the Qing Imperial civil society is not much, but many people have left to chance , thinking that they can Jianlou, so easy to shot.
not afraid of testing equipment. , and raw materials to feed the old crater taken from the ancient times. like a magnet to do is to use porcelain Empress of Anhui Keemun pit is dug during the Empress Dowager Cixi; kaolin is bought from a nearby old village, and a hundred more dollars a bag, the local government not to sell, taking advantage of the night, villagers digging, loading, my family kept a few hundred pounds, and then these components are the same. glazes are expensive to buy, a pound 3600 dollars would glaze, hair color and absolute good.
Therefore, the bubble will appear on the porcelain. Now porcelain general use of natural gas, temperature uniformity, but I can adjust the amount of gas to control the kiln temperature, turn it a few minutes, and then amplified a few minutes, you want a big or small bubbles bubbles all of a sudden you can burn out. function pass? market is absolutely no problem. before it, we are the film printed on porcelain painting, can be virtually on the wooden screen, the lines are not smooth. Now a master of how to paint? an old stuff put aside, and do not have to porcelain Figure out down, but the style is fully digested, such as the Kangxi Period of people are big stomach, her face is deformed, I would take the paintings out of style, location, probably put a bit on it, very casual. struck said.
commonly known as the the key link.
imitation of the Qing Emperor Qianlong could have been something, bubble a bit longer, a test that is what has become the Ming Dynasty, a short time into a dynasty of another, this is a headache. Now that medicine has become obsolete, most recently a professor at the University of Nanjing very good with the medicine I use, just like the old treated the same as the glazed. generally to Paoshang day and night, even if it will not be too long, very smooth. But the old way to do each is different, I heard other people also useful for cooking Chinese or black tea, which are confidential friends!
the other holding a sample to custom, and then butcher who l r (second-hand dealer) and then take it when the old sales. , the initial dealer hands, things are true, they would go to hotels to find the buyer talk, if the buyer is 20 million to 50 million they will have to try to widen the difference of both sides, the time delay in the negotiations. played both sides tug of war of the neutral gear, the dealer will find someone to imitate exactly the same as a fake. and then give buyers call, if the other party a little bit of that 26 million raised, they will lose money selling that need to spend 28 minutes if not less. In fact, this is a high imitation goods, also the value of thousands of dollars.
some experience. to do a very good outside, do not pay attention to detail. to pack ring. I do after the drill hit the jar empty, the thought that doing perfect, the results met a local expert. a look at where the man to get started are right, but later said it saw the hole piece is a fake. I certainly not convinced, so he took out credentials. He said, l is the ancient hand-drill holes, and could see the threads, you use the drill speed quickly without leaving traces. r said I was convinced, and later became good friends with him. grade 4, 30 years old forced to start living a fake porcelain business, in order to learn to do ceramics, he bought a junior high school chemistry textbooks, chemistry periodic table shoved back, at age 35, began painting on porcelain. his name also related to fraud. a lot of porcelain because of long years by the external collision, will have a small wall, chapter is to use a knock on the unique skills of a knock on the cobblestones in the porcelain, you can win their appearance is not broken, the inner wall has numerous small chicken pattern of the state. Therefore, people often ask him to help knock on porcelain, tap 50, knocks of 100 per hh
Zhang said he is currently doing a knock on imitation goods still belong to middle and low, the price between a few hundred to several thousand, the annual income of about 20 million. He admits that he quickly outdated, Jingdezhen really all-powerful is these young people, their technology with each passing day, the market is very competitive. Features: 70 unannounced visits after the power to send
Location: counterfeiting workshop
Yu Xiufeng is such a young rookie, made with high imitation pastels kiln, this year just 33 years old, he already has 3 million of assets . The small and thin, high forehead, the eyes of young people concave inadvertently reveal the shrewd and ambitious. His family rarely seen elements of life, more like a large ceramics workshop, underground kilns, pug room, a number of a drawing room, there are dazzling showroom.
know that reporters had come after Yu Xiufeng apart from anything else, take a certain auction company's auction catalog placed in front of reporters, turn one page: the top India is a Qing dynasty, painted green round bottle, Kowloon, the auction price of 130 million. journalists recorded in the Figure, when Yu Xiufeng to exactly the same as a bottle into the front of the circle, do. This is just new to do, not dealt with as soon as the old do absolutely no problem. Imitation? I have it, the original is 300 pieces (pieces that measure the size of small units of porcelain), imitation goods is 500 pieces, stuff I do know just by looking at certain. I was bought spent 12 million, imitation can be sold for at least a pair of new twenty thousand, after a certain number do enough to add some money to a little r l hen also sell and buy new varieties, then imitation. We The purpose is to make money.
these so-called also serves as a guest of the ashtray. but one thing is certain, he did make a high imitation goods openly embarked on the auction table, and successfully sold.
pass, however, wanted to auction the company's signing means bribe members of a commitment to the auction and he earned money into, and the money than he paid thousands of dollars many times higher, so is likely to buy. Of course, in addition to buy a certain relationship to the film imitate the technology must have some attractions, Yu Xiufeng's unique skills is: tell your pick. porcelain identification of the authenticity of the bottom of the inscription is an important element of the new Yu Xiufeng cut down to do a piece of porcelain bottom, and then embedded in a kiln site of the dilapidated from the bottom of Authenticity inscribed, so that greatly increased the credibility of fakes.
fact, then tell your new porcelain is not a new invention, the general porcelain kiln The imitator can do that. But to be difficult to match exactly in respect of genuine porcelain bonding is not an easy thing to do, do go astray can be seen by the naked eye. Yuxiu Feng said proudly, then at the end of his very high precision tools, a value of millions of devices, technology is also very skilled workers. do not come out perfect. the innermost corner, the reporter saw a bunch of pieces scattered across the disk. most of them are at the bottom of porcelain, there are various dynasties of the inscription, which the Qing Emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong three generations of the majority. Yuxiu Feng said that these are Jingdezhen kiln factory site in the tiles, there are hand dug and sold to him.
kiln factory is the court made specifically for the Ming and Qing dynasties porcelain sector, in order to ensure the palace into the porcelain is fine, Whenever a baked porcelain kiln, where there are defective will be crack away. so far in the kiln, the remains buried there are a large number of tiles. According to the the original is located in Jingdezhen City, the site was excavated, the government moved to new capital, while the imperial kiln plant is also protected. when the site was under order to tap the tiles around to deliberately rented a kiln factory Some stores do not open the door to do business during the day and at night hit the ground floor tiles authentic stolen.
addition to porcelain itself, Yu Xiufeng will make an issue of the packaging. tens of thousands of pieces, which I value is not porcelain, but the installation of porcelain box. to the old box, as long as the film, at least he could take more than a million. because of the old packaging, l r were exposed to high, and buyers are likely to be kept off the. 17-year-old to follow the master of young people running Shanghai to buy fake goods, and now business is flourishing. Yuxiu Feng told reporters, in order to craft sophisticated, he often read and study opponents of workers under the very strict requirements, as long as there are fakes found not a trace of his thorough investigation must be reasons, and immediately ordered the workers to correct.
reporters to see the goods in time, and buyers come in two to Beijing to see them hundreds of times, you can determine here is the old customers. Yu Xiufeng told reporters that his main flow of goods in Beijing, and his brother opened in Beijing Curio City, a store, specializing in high-end fakes him.
not met the br> unannounced visits to the People: Sheng Rongguang
identity: Trivia officials and businessmen on both sides of two unannounced visits to people
Location: Shenghua company
industry in Jingdezhen in circulating a fake ranking, can enter the List of all master of all aspects of fraud, although many people claim to be the top few players, but nobody dared to seat the first seat, because everyone knows only belong to one person: Sheng Rongguang. < br> heard a lot about Sheng Rongguang before, but his contact was an accident.
car driving on the road to Jingdezhen, the reporter received a phone call, is recognized by the antique dealer friend calling LEE Wing-fat , the phone said he was from Shanghai back to Jingdezhen, the evening will bring some good things to reporters at his hotel.
7 pm, in the open in sub-Jingdezhen Hotel Metropole, LEE Wing-hair time by ringing the doorbell . just this Heishou young voices are hoarse, round eyes glanced around from time to time.
and Mr LEE Wing was also sent to a person with his forties, wearing a red down jacket, body extra baggage, his face braved the shiny, silver-rimmed glasses can be seen through one of his eyes is not freely rotating, slanting forehead, a scar on the left, had marked thinning of the hair gel to a handful after handful stood up. He told SHENG Rong Cheung, is the by one light out: a pair of Paradise Pastel bottle, a bottle and two Kangxi Qing Emperor Qianlong and Red flower pot. Dasheng mouth and said, imitations of these high similarity with the real thing in more than 90% No one else can come in Jingdezhen. And this is the only world there is no second. . house plant take you to see my brother, his stuff is the best. br> LEE Wing-fat later told reporters earlier in the Sheng home is high melamine industry in Jingdezhen, the early 80s, first made a reputation for great Sheng, and later a small Sheng also joined the ranks, the two brothers was not to compete between each other, Finally, in order to maintain brotherhood Dasheng voluntarily gave up his own production, the factory also gave the best ingredients chef brother. Dasheng now mainly in sales, to help my brother describes customers, but also for other high-like plant business. < br> The next day half past three p.m., large white blooms with a silver Hyundai with a reporter off. After about twenty minutes, the car stopped at a busy city. Tai Shing said, something his brother is busy, so We went to see his ceramics museum. the museum about 500 square meters, two storeys, the main reservoir of porcelain Yuan Ming and Qing dynasties, it is a good time in April, but the museum does not have any tourists, only one reception staff at the door. reporter guessed circle found more than a hundred pieces of porcelain furnishings, in addition to the few genuine Republican, the other porcelain reproductions are marked.
Since the name of the museum's signature , how to display the full imitation goods? legitimate journalists understand, the big smile Sheng introduce them, filmed, took 8.8 million, was a connoisseur Dingdingyouming eye passed over. And this bottle of nine peach, filmed in several auction companies, developed the original light to the first three years, spent a more than a million yet. Which you took a fancy to one that will talk to my brother. A finished, the next can also be used if necessary behind the scenes deal.
then, large small Sheng Sheng taken to a company news. After a railway train, the car drove to a remote suburb of the alley, car , the front has two four-story office building with large sign above the set, are the brother, sister and large nephew, talking, he looked at his old modern, there was some imbalance in tone.
small Sheng does not appear, the staff of a company received us, he said, Sheng is working with the Beijing Great Hall of the total people who talk about things, get away. The so-called reception room is actually a fake porcelain showroom stocked with all kinds around the room-type of porcelain, decorated very elegant.
After about half an hour, not to small-Shing, Tai Shing some sit still. I called him out, came back and told reporters that small-Shing may not have time today, you can come another day.
Dasheng drove away with regret, in the car, he told reporters, the reason does not appear that the small Sheng Mo Buzhun to the identity. Those who lack confidence, he will not rush each other. and he did not See what the Great Hall of the people, the whole afternoon together, and a local leader.
population of more than 50 million, of which more than half of the population are directly or indirectly participate into the production and sale of porcelain, except in the porcelain industry, there are transportation, business and other related supporting industries. These porcelain industry survival shape the workshop, Studio, production and other small folk-based Research. long projections said.
data from the private sector is much higher than official estimates, according Porcelain years in the business WANG Xiang estimated that home workshops are 20,30. access streets, the public selling low-grade imitations Yuan Ming and Qing dynasties porcelain spread the row upon row of shops, there are pitfalls everywhere, everywhere Cang Yi, it is difficult to see a few decent shops in the art of porcelain, the feeling and the exposure to Beijing's Panjiayuan, Nanjing The Confucius Temple is almost the same. For a huge number of counterfeit industry, the local government seems more willing to be interpreted as dullest, especially porcelain Kangxi three generations, from the device type, child porcelain, pictures and other point of view has been fully restored. one hundred is difficult to have a successful, there must be sacrifice. Porcelain infinitely close, but in the end not the same, generally hidden from the eyes of the experts.
collector's home, which flourishes in the rich entrepreneurs often weaving the dream that they can buy a treasure Jianlou. what the market wants to spend millions to buy hundreds of thousands, tens of millions or billions of also want to spend hundreds of thousands of things to buy. Palace are rare in the baby, there are many pieces of your own home, is it possible? is completely self-deception, intention is not right.
There is also a way to directly send the auction. no after-effects on the film thing, because the auction law that is not declared on the auction in advance of the auction fidelity Disclaimer. Hanhai auction company two years ago because of Wu's imitation goods auction to court, although I found Wu is fake, but the buyer still loses . which is a big meat in the integrity of the auction house is not reliable, not to mention those little, sometimes a down 60%, 70% are false. out of the more experts. If these two aspects of most problems, then the expert's always responded with disdain. Zhang said he was struck Kam Po seen so many TV shows, the conclusion is: the experts shit. l This is the jar say something earth r, that is, in fact, out of Jingdezhen. Some experts also see the porcelain smooth lines on the screen identified as the real thing, this is too funny it! the workshop with us, the teacher a day to draw dozens of apprentices, small pupil was tired of painting to a painting on the essays, experts say strokes flowing down the screen at random, determine the style of the Yuan Dynasty. Although we are not an expert, but stronger than they look much more attractive! Empress tape and its own imitations. The results of experts to say that is the new old, old as counter to new. fast, they do not read have no idea. see the high imitation porcelain kiln, he would also be high as a genuine melamine.
Gao'an Museum Jin-Sheng Liu, said: writing is really very beautiful, really look at things from the dealer but not as good as reselling heritage, but that these people are still in the identification of cultural relics and even signed, open the certificate, the terms of disrupting the relics, and also lost a real need to protect the national heritage cultural sector have to say is sad. % of the artifacts need to improve the identification of the level of experts. a chaotic situation, deliberately 忽悠. materials, etc., are cultural workers should have the basic common sense. In view of these experts can lay hundreds of years, the gains a thousand years of history are in fact some of the basic elements, these words set to the real thing is so, is also set to leave such things are patterned. really distinguish between true and false relics, the truth in any place where fake is carefully distinguished. such as the Ming Dynasty glaze, is the real Ming glaze, or imitation, except where they may Shuibu Lai had. 忽悠 countries and people.
addition to practical skills is not enough, the lack of morality is one. The. some antique dealers selling porcelain and experts when even collusion, in advance, said good forty-six points, or five five (profit), to sell counterfeit entrepreneurs. I met a lot of this situation a few years later, These entrepreneurs wake up, but can not pick up the legal weapons to protect themselves. Sadly, there are still many people still come to their senses. team of experts, then a few years later, we leave to future generations will be a bunch of high imitation artifacts. he said with emotion: and the number reached about 5% of collections.
in earlier hit series was told it was false from the circle of the first master the production of imitation goods mm Zhu imitation, which makes all the surprise of experts, the museum curator is Xiufen harder and harder, eventually diving himself. It now appears that Compared with the real story is not an exaggeration, but very little in life as to buy a fake and who committed suicide jumping into a river, but by all means, hands, sold under the house.
; tomorrow where
in Jingdezhen, the first generation of reform and opening up have entered a fraud in his later years Congress, and now have behind them the next generation successors. chapter struck told reporters that his daughter son has run from his own workshop, his son also plan to do this trip. In the kiln shop, chapter by patiently taught his son how to knock to see the kiln's heat, and whenever a customer comes, behind his son would follow in his father how the wind blows, learn business sense. According to a press view of the investigation, business fraud in Jingdezhen, this inherited his father is widespread. easy to understand why: For children, the long-term osmosis, into such a role is easy; and parents do , as long as the child is willing to learn, they will give everything, and selfless dedication. deeper reason: the immutable law of the market, Jingdezhen porcelain-workers also need to update the state of existence, two generations of the cultural role of the natural extension was easily able to . In the copy counterfeit copy generations ago, while easy life of abundance, survival is so simple, the number of kiln workers who will hope for themselves or to learn the rich Xiabei five cars, painstaking effort to be a maverick, penniless, br> However, some ways, this selling fake goods in the
Sunday, December 26, 2010
Play props race. Experience with
1) In general, we all began to go out into the pediment of this, but I suggest that the props game in half a beat slower than they go, because it is not actually speed, you get near the front on the front that just started some mess , and we firmly behind them, watch them fly in the sky, we find an opportunity (or speed up or destroy things people magnet, or can play) to go up front.
(2) If you go to the front the case, props to eat is usually 3, the clouds, shields, banana peel, learning how to use these big, if your hands are a shield, then (even if only one) it would keep, Sahuan Run has been , because the back cover of your teammates, they contain each other, absolutely not affect you, your ears hear just the sound of mosquitoes and bombs on the line.
(3) put a banana peel I think we all know on the narrow local effect, there is a sharp turn where a specific place I will not say that is not clear, where the so-called U-turn in front of it is that you need to turn normal when walking, when you do not deliberately look for place to put a banana peel, a place readily when turning on the OK, put the same clouds, clouds in addition to the other eye can cover their own confusion, such as someone has already staring at you in the back, this time put a cloud, and then go to another channel walked out of the woods can.
(4) there is a matter of habit, remember we go sideline, (that is, walking along the foot of the wall, of course, the premise of not scraping the wall, try to pull over to go) for the simple reason, to hide blisters . Maybe you think I said easy, you try to know how good this habit.
(5) There is a skills problem, if bombed by mosquitoes into the blisters, I just crazy left and right keyboard keys, can quickly come out (put the blisters dry up, I tried N times), then if the missile bombing of God the finger away, before the landing direction at the moment, there will be a little speed, so you quickly off the hook, if eat blew (That was a headache for one thing) and do not worry, look at the situation around, if you are just starting to eat, then we all together, to explode it, big deal back to their run line, his teammates would not blame you, if she had to eat, then so, so what, look at the screen on the left, with teammate Angel eat immediately after the press, OK, or you are more close to the enemy behind them ( There are many close to the most reliable is still a magnet in addition to self-destruct, hehe), bang ~ you great, if you eat in the back of a flying saucer and the first mate, even if you do not give a teammate the last release , when the enemy immediately release the first, or eat other teammates came alive again when you lift, not because of holding out the flying saucer and can not eat anything else to harm teammates, you know, non-cooperative game props can not win, No single person will be like God invincible.
(6) on the magnet I want to say, if it is a straight line, then you smoke in front of his teammates were not hurt, because you can not influence him, if it is a lot of it in order to bend good aim, do not fight against each idea, it is easy car crash.
(2) If you go to the front the case, props to eat is usually 3, the clouds, shields, banana peel, learning how to use these big, if your hands are a shield, then (even if only one) it would keep, Sahuan Run has been , because the back cover of your teammates, they contain each other, absolutely not affect you, your ears hear just the sound of mosquitoes and bombs on the line.
(3) put a banana peel I think we all know on the narrow local effect, there is a sharp turn where a specific place I will not say that is not clear, where the so-called U-turn in front of it is that you need to turn normal when walking, when you do not deliberately look for place to put a banana peel, a place readily when turning on the OK, put the same clouds, clouds in addition to the other eye can cover their own confusion, such as someone has already staring at you in the back, this time put a cloud, and then go to another channel walked out of the woods can.
(4) there is a matter of habit, remember we go sideline, (that is, walking along the foot of the wall, of course, the premise of not scraping the wall, try to pull over to go) for the simple reason, to hide blisters . Maybe you think I said easy, you try to know how good this habit.
(5) There is a skills problem, if bombed by mosquitoes into the blisters, I just crazy left and right keyboard keys, can quickly come out (put the blisters dry up, I tried N times), then if the missile bombing of God the finger away, before the landing direction at the moment, there will be a little speed, so you quickly off the hook, if eat blew (That was a headache for one thing) and do not worry, look at the situation around, if you are just starting to eat, then we all together, to explode it, big deal back to their run line, his teammates would not blame you, if she had to eat, then so, so what, look at the screen on the left, with teammate Angel eat immediately after the press, OK, or you are more close to the enemy behind them ( There are many close to the most reliable is still a magnet in addition to self-destruct, hehe), bang ~ you great, if you eat in the back of a flying saucer and the first mate, even if you do not give a teammate the last release , when the enemy immediately release the first, or eat other teammates came alive again when you lift, not because of holding out the flying saucer and can not eat anything else to harm teammates, you know, non-cooperative game props can not win, No single person will be like God invincible.
(6) on the magnet I want to say, if it is a straight line, then you smoke in front of his teammates were not hurt, because you can not influence him, if it is a lot of it in order to bend good aim, do not fight against each idea, it is easy car crash.
Thursday, December 23, 2010
Russia's economic indicators looked beautiful
July 19, the Russian Minister of Economic Development Bureau meeting in the Russian government introduced the first half of 2010 the Russian economy of the statistics. According to this set of data shows that the first half of 2010, Russia's industrial production grew 10.2 %, production investment grew 1.3% year on year growth in cargo traffic by 12.2%, imports grew 56.1%, exports up 25.8%. In addition, Russia's per capita during the first half of 2010 grew 11.2% in nominal wages, nominal per capita in June wage is 2.1597 million rubles ($ 1 = 30 rubles), while the unemployment rate in the first half of Russia fell by 8.4%.
said the first half of this year, Russian GDP grew by 4.2 over last year %, indicating that Russia's economy is gradually recovering. Statistics show that in June the Russian GDP grew 4.9%, growth of 0.3%. said that if the trend growth here, the Russian Ministry of Economic Development in August of this year is may further increase to 4% of the original full-year GDP growth forecast for Russia. The Russian Central Bank First Deputy Governor Alexei. Wu Liu Akayev had boldly projected that GDP growth this year will not be low at 5%.
for this group of $ 75.9 per barrel) made Russia the first half of this year to increase budget revenue, which is leading an important support for Russia's economic recovery. and calm the Russian economists also pointed out that the economic investment, domestic demand and slow growth in foreign demand, growth factors such as unstable , the Russian economy is the stability of the recovery trend is still a shortage.
fact, the Russian economic indicators during the first half of the the impact of foreign market demand began to rise, the international energy market at a relatively high price stability, this makes Russia the first half of this year exports increased by 50.1%. The substantial growth in external demand and in contrast, Russia's domestic demand has grown extremely slow growth in domestic demand during the first half of this year only 3.4%. Therefore, some economists pointed out that Russia, Russia was higher than the second half of the first half of the economic base, coupled with greater uncertainty in the external economic environment, especially the second half of this year Russia's fourth-quarter economic growth will slow.
compared with the complex economic indicators, and more economists are currently concerned about Russia and the other a more deep-seated problems in the Russian mm what exactly should be kind of attitude out of the international financial crisis was Russian state to achieve After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia, the former Soviet Union conducted a socio-economic system, a comprehensive and thorough transition, but in economic development has never shed its extensive economic development mode, the resource-based economic development. Therefore, the Russian economic trends to closely related to the oil price curve, so that the Russian government and international organizations in Russia and forecast economic trends, they often are the international oil price movements as an important reference factors. oil prices for the Russian economy is concerned, is a as a whole, new opportunities for economic development model. But the most recent rise in oil prices since the Russian economy but also for a price implies a potential danger mm rise in oil prices has made the demand to change the economic development model does not seem so urgent. In this regard, the famous Russian economist Yasin pointed out that the current crisis in Russia, not from any lessons learned in the economic structure no change, just waiting for the world's major economies to recover. and dependence on drugs, the longer difficult to get rid of, the more obvious the longer the harm hh , when the economy is fully out of the crisis, we are still stuck in the old economic structure, reform of the window of opportunity will close, then, we really have to forever behind. ;, Russia established the President himself in command of the modernization and technical development committee and is prepared in the energy, nuclear technology, aerospace, medical, five major areas of information to achieve major breakthroughs. But analysts point out that the transformation of the Russian model of economic development is not just a strategic choices and policy adjustments, but more extensive, ongoing capital investment and advanced technology. To achieve the President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev's five strategic goals for future development, Russia needs substantial investment. This will be an ongoing investment in additional investment and expansion process, the Russian government will be a severe test.
Currently, 30% of Russian GDP, the state budget revenues and 50% -60%, 60% of all foreign exchange earnings from the export of resource products. And Russian GDP in 2009, the composition of the investment accounted for only 18%. The Russian government has admitted, for the completion of all the economic tasks currently facing the Russian economy the total investment to GDP ratio to be less than 20% from the current increased to 30%. However, according to the latest statistics, during the first half of this year, total investment in Russia grew by only 1.3% year on year, well below the end of the Russian Ministry of Economic Development forecast of 2.9%. Analysts pointed out that Russia's current investment environment far from ideal, This is also the foreign investors to the Russian market, foreign investors, Russia's economy,
said the first half of this year, Russian GDP grew by 4.2 over last year %, indicating that Russia's economy is gradually recovering. Statistics show that in June the Russian GDP grew 4.9%, growth of 0.3%. said that if the trend growth here, the Russian Ministry of Economic Development in August of this year is may further increase to 4% of the original full-year GDP growth forecast for Russia. The Russian Central Bank First Deputy Governor Alexei. Wu Liu Akayev had boldly projected that GDP growth this year will not be low at 5%.
for this group of $ 75.9 per barrel) made Russia the first half of this year to increase budget revenue, which is leading an important support for Russia's economic recovery. and calm the Russian economists also pointed out that the economic investment, domestic demand and slow growth in foreign demand, growth factors such as unstable , the Russian economy is the stability of the recovery trend is still a shortage.
fact, the Russian economic indicators during the first half of the the impact of foreign market demand began to rise, the international energy market at a relatively high price stability, this makes Russia the first half of this year exports increased by 50.1%. The substantial growth in external demand and in contrast, Russia's domestic demand has grown extremely slow growth in domestic demand during the first half of this year only 3.4%. Therefore, some economists pointed out that Russia, Russia was higher than the second half of the first half of the economic base, coupled with greater uncertainty in the external economic environment, especially the second half of this year Russia's fourth-quarter economic growth will slow.
compared with the complex economic indicators, and more economists are currently concerned about Russia and the other a more deep-seated problems in the Russian mm what exactly should be kind of attitude out of the international financial crisis was Russian state to achieve After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia, the former Soviet Union conducted a socio-economic system, a comprehensive and thorough transition, but in economic development has never shed its extensive economic development mode, the resource-based economic development. Therefore, the Russian economic trends to closely related to the oil price curve, so that the Russian government and international organizations in Russia and forecast economic trends, they often are the international oil price movements as an important reference factors. oil prices for the Russian economy is concerned, is a as a whole, new opportunities for economic development model. But the most recent rise in oil prices since the Russian economy but also for a price implies a potential danger mm rise in oil prices has made the demand to change the economic development model does not seem so urgent. In this regard, the famous Russian economist Yasin pointed out that the current crisis in Russia, not from any lessons learned in the economic structure no change, just waiting for the world's major economies to recover. and dependence on drugs, the longer difficult to get rid of, the more obvious the longer the harm hh , when the economy is fully out of the crisis, we are still stuck in the old economic structure, reform of the window of opportunity will close, then, we really have to forever behind. ;, Russia established the President himself in command of the modernization and technical development committee and is prepared in the energy, nuclear technology, aerospace, medical, five major areas of information to achieve major breakthroughs. But analysts point out that the transformation of the Russian model of economic development is not just a strategic choices and policy adjustments, but more extensive, ongoing capital investment and advanced technology. To achieve the President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev's five strategic goals for future development, Russia needs substantial investment. This will be an ongoing investment in additional investment and expansion process, the Russian government will be a severe test.
Currently, 30% of Russian GDP, the state budget revenues and 50% -60%, 60% of all foreign exchange earnings from the export of resource products. And Russian GDP in 2009, the composition of the investment accounted for only 18%. The Russian government has admitted, for the completion of all the economic tasks currently facing the Russian economy the total investment to GDP ratio to be less than 20% from the current increased to 30%. However, according to the latest statistics, during the first half of this year, total investment in Russia grew by only 1.3% year on year, well below the end of the Russian Ministry of Economic Development forecast of 2.9%. Analysts pointed out that Russia's current investment environment far from ideal, This is also the foreign investors to the Russian market, foreign investors, Russia's economy,
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
Hu Jintao's political report of the Seventeenth National Congress (full text) of the three
Nine, and create a new situation of national defense and army modernization of national defense and army building
in the overall layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics, occupies an important position. Must stand on national security and a high degree of overall development strategy, economic development and national defense construction, In the process of building a moderately prosperous society in the realization of the unity of the rich and strong army.
to fully implement the Party and the people gave the new century, the historical mission of the armed forces must adhere to Mao Zedong's military thinking, Deng Xiaoping's thinking on army building in the new period and Jiang Zemin on national defense and army building thinking, the scientific development concept as an important national defense and army building guidelines to implement the military strategic principle of speeding up military reform with Chinese characteristics, preparation for military struggle to improve the military response to a variety of security threats and accomplish diverse military tasks, and resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security, territorial integrity, contribute to safeguarding world peace.
armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized is an integrated whole, must be comprehensive, and balanced manner. We must always adhere to the party absolute leadership over the army and the people of the fundamental principle of the fundamental purpose of the armed forces, the military in its historic mission, ideals, beliefs, fighting spirit and the socialist concept of honor, and carries forward the party's command, serving the people, heroic tradition. adhere to the scientific and technological strength Army, in accordance with the building of military information, winning the information war, the strategic objective to accelerate composite development of mechanization and information, carry out military training under conditions of stepping up training a large number of qualified military personnel, effectively change the mode of generating combat capabilities. adhere to the army according to law, strict discipline, improve relevant laws and regulations, strengthen scientific management.
adapt to new trends in world military affairs and the new requirements of China's development, promoting military theory, military technology, military organization, military management innovation. adjust and reform the military system and policies and systems, and gradually form a complete set of both the military with Chinese characteristics, construction law and consistent with the science of modern organizational model, institutional arrangements and modus operandi.
adjust and reform the defense industry and of weapons and equipment procurement, improve self-developed weapons and equipment innovation and quality and efficiency. establish and improve military and civilian production, integrating the armed forces of weaponry and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training and military security system, adhere to the thrift army, out of a civil-military integration with Chinese characteristics and path of development. in-depth study of new history characteristics and laws of running the army under the conditions of the army and people strategies and tactics of war, prosperity and development of military science.
enhance the concept of national defense, strengthen national defense mobilization, improve the quality of the reserve and the militia. Strengthening the People's Armed Police Force to to better carry out safeguarding national security and social stability and safeguard its people's duty mission. insist Yongjunyoushu its importance to consolidate military and civilians. at all levels of party organizations, government and the people to continue to support national defense and army building, the military will continue as the economic and social contribute to the development.
ten, promoting the vitality. in accordance with the to implement the promote democracy; to encourage Hong Kong and Macao in the patriotic people of all circles, under the banner of loving the motherland and Macao and pull together to promote social harmony; strengthen the Mainland and Hong Kong, Macau exchanges and cooperation, achieve mutual complementarity and common development; actively support the Hong Kong and Macao to carry out external exchanges , firmly oppose external forces interfere in their affairs. Hong Kong and Macao compatriots fully intelligent, able to manage, build and Hong Kong, Macau, Hong Kong and Macao will continue to play an important role in national modernization, the great motherland will always , prosperity and stability of Macao.
resolve the Taiwan issue and realizing complete reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese people. We will follow the eight-point process of peaceful reunification, never waver in upholding the one China principle, the efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never abandon the principle of placing our hopes on the Taiwan people will never change, oppose firmly grasp the theme of peaceful development of cross-strait relations and sincere well-being of compatriots on both sides, to seek peace across the Taiwan Straits, safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and safeguarding the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.
upholding the one China principle is the peaceful development of cross-strait political relations basis. Although both sides have not been reunified, but the mainland and Taiwan belong to one China has never changed. China is the common homeland of compatriots on both sides, across the Taiwan Straits should join hands to safeguard and building our common home. any political party in Taiwan, as long as both sides recognize the same One China, we are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue, consultations and negotiations, all issues can be discussed. We solemnly call on the basis of the one-China principle, negotiate the formal end of cross-strait hostilities, reach a peace agreement, construct cross-strait peace and development framework, creating peaceful development of cross-strait relations.
1.3 billion compatriots on the mainland and the Twenty-three million Taiwan compatriots are the same blood and destiny. all things beneficial to Taiwan compatriots, cross-strait peace conducive to the maintenance of all things, all in the motherland it's peaceful reunification, we will do our best to do a good job. We understand, trust and care about Taiwan compatriots, will continue to implement and enrich the broad masses of Taiwan compatriots, benefit policies and measures to protect the legitimate rights and interests of Taiwan compatriots to support the Taiwan Strait and other Business investment is focused on regional economic development. on both sides should strengthen exchanges, promote economic and cultural areas and at higher levels, to promote the direct together.
present, the anything involving China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, including Taiwan compatriots, we must be all the Chinese people, including a decision. We would like the greatest sincerity and utmost efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never allow anyone under any name or by any means to separate Taiwan from the motherland.
reunification of great rejuvenation of Chinese nation historically inevitable. Chinese people at home and abroad in close solidarity and concerted efforts, the complete reunification of the motherland will surely be achieved.
XI firmly committed to peaceful development path
world today is undergoing tremendous changes and adjustments. Peace and development remain the themes of the times, seeking peace, development and cooperation has become an irresistible trend of the times. multipolar world is irreversible, economic globalization of further development of scientific and technological revolution, global and regional cooperation in the ascendant, and countries are increasingly interdependent, international balance of power in favor of maintaining world peace, and the overall international situation is stable.
the same time, the world remains far peace. hegemony and power politics still exist, local conflicts and hotspot issues keep emerging, global economic imbalances, South gap is widening, and traditional security threats and non-traditional security threats are intertwined, world peace and development faces many difficulties and challenges.
share development opportunities and jointly cope with various challenges, promote peace and development in the noble cause is related to the fundamental interests of people of all countries, but also the common aspiration of all peoples. We stand for people of all countries join hands and strive to build lasting peace and common prosperous and harmonious world. To this end, should follow the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, observe international law and universally recognized norms governing international relations, and promote democracy in international relations, harmony, cooperation and win-win spirit.
mutual political respect and equal consultation work together to promote democracy in international relations; economic cooperation, complementarity and promote economic globalization towards a balanced, shared benefits and win-win direction; culture learn from each other, seek common ground, respect the diversity of the world together to advance human civilization progress; security, mutual trust, strengthen cooperation, rather than peaceful means, the means of war to resolve international disputes and jointly safeguard world peace and stability; environmental protection and help each other and work together to promote common care home planet of human beings.
Contemporary China's relations with the world have undergone historic changes in China's future is more closely linked with the future of the world together. No matter how the international situation changes, the Chinese government and people will always stand for peace, development and cooperation, pursue an independent peaceful foreign policy to safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests, abide by the maintenance of world peace and promoting common development, foreign policy purposes.
China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development. This is the Chinese government and people and the development trend of the times the fundamental interests of their own strategic decision made. The Chinese nation is a peace-loving nation, China is always a staunch force safeguarding world peace. We are committed to the interests of the Chinese people with the common interests of all peoples, and always stand for fairness and justice.
We adhere to all countries, big or small, rich or poor, respect for people of all countries to independently choose the right path of development, non-interference in internal affairs, not to impose our own will. China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, promotes international and regional security cooperation, and opposes all forms of terrorism. China pursues a defensive national defense policy, engage in arms race or pose a military threat to any country. China opposes all forms of hegemony and power politics, always does not seek hegemony and never engage in expansion.
China will unswervingly follow a win-win strategy of opening up. We will continue to develop their common development and promoting regional and world, and expand the converging points of interest with the parties in achieving their development taking into account other legitimate concerns of developing countries in particular. We will continue to follow the prevailing rules of international trade, increase market access, to protect partner interests. We support the international community to help developing countries enhance their capacity for independent development and improve people's livelihood and narrow the North-South gap. We support efforts to improve international trade and financial systems, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, through consultation and collaboration and properly handle economic and trade frictions. China will never seek benefits for itself, the expense of others things.
China insists on peaceful co-existence five based on the principles of developing friendly cooperation with all countries. We will continue to work with countries to strengthen strategic dialogue, enhance mutual trust, deepen cooperation and properly manage differences to promote long-term stable and healthy development of mutual relations. We will continue to implement and good neighbors to with the surrounding neighbors as foreign policy, to strengthen good-neighborly friendship with neighboring countries, and pragmatic cooperation, actively carry out regional cooperation, and jointly create peace, stability, equality and mutual trust, cooperation and win-win regional environment.
We will continue to strengthen with the vast number of developing unity and cooperation, deepen traditional friendship, expand practical cooperation, provide assistance within its capacity to safeguard the legitimate demands of developing countries and share common interests. We will continue to actively participate in multilateral affairs, assume our international obligations, and play a constructive role in promoting international order fairer and more equitable direction. We will continue with the political parties and organizations, exchanges and cooperation, to strengthen the NPC and CPPCC, the military, local, civil society, foreign relations, the Chinese people and people of all countries to enhance mutual understanding and friendship. < br> China's development needs the world enjoy prosperity and stability without China. The Chinese people will continue to work with people of all countries, in order to achieve better future for humanity and make unremitting efforts.
second, to comprehensively push forward reform and innovation of the party new great project of building socialism with Chinese characteristics
is the cause of reform and innovation. the party to stand in the forefront and lead the people to create a new situation of development, must be spirit of reform and innovation to strengthen itself, socialism with Chinese characteristics has become cause of the strong core of leadership.
Party was founded eighty years, governed the country for fifty years, with over seventy million members, the party's education and management tasks than ever more arduous. party leadership the reform and opening up both to the party into the great vitality of the party is facing many unprecedented tasks and tests. world situation, circumstances, and the party situation in the development and changes, decided to reform and innovation to strengthen party building both very important and very urgent. < br> must be the party's governance capability and vanguard nature as the main line, insisted that the Party, strictly, carry people, pragmatic, honest request, with firm ideals and beliefs to focus on strengthening the ideological construction to create high the quality of Party members, cadres as the focus on strengthening the organizations, in order to maintain the party's close ties with the masses to focus on strengthening the work style in order to improve the system of democratic centralism as the focus on strengthening the building to improve the system for punishing and preventing corruption, focus on strengthening anti-corruption building, so that the party has become the Power for the People, pragmatic, reform and innovation, hard work, honest and clean and full of vitality, unity and harmony of the Marxist ruling party.
(a) In-depth study and implementation of Chinese characteristics theoretical system of socialism, with a focus on the latest achievements of Marxism in China arming the whole Party. ideological and theoretical construction is the fundamental construction, the party's theoretical innovation to lead all aspects of innovation. learning to build political parties in accordance with the requirements of reform and opening up and modernization closely Construction of a lively practice, in-depth study of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and remolding the subjective world, better grasp the law of the Communist Party, socialist construction, development of human society, improve the use of scientific theories to analyzing and solving practical problems.
strengthen party members, cadres and ideological education in ideals and beliefs and moral construction, the majority of party members , into practice the socialist core value system of the model, the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, firmly believe in the scientific development concept of the faithful executor of the conscious practice of the socialist concept of honor, the social harmony of the positive facilitator.
(b) continue to strengthen the party's ability to focus on building high-quality leading bodies. the party's governing capability of the party building and the global cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, must improve the leadership and governance capability leading bodies at all levels, good grasp of the core.
in accordance with scientific, democratic and law based governance, improve the leadership style of thinking, the governing competence of leading cadres to improve, improve leadership and governance, sound leadership system and improve the local party leadership after the reform with the working mechanism of the leading bodies at all levels into staunch implement the Party's theory, line, principles and policies, good leadership of the scientific development of a strong collective leadership. to strengthen the governance capability of leading bodies and leading the whole party, all the work the party line with the times and people always look forward to.
(c) actively promote democracy within the party and focus on enhancing the Party's solidarity and unity. inner-party democracy is to strengthen the party's creativity and reinforcing the unity of the party an important guarantee for reunification. We will expand democracy within the Party democracy to develop people to improve the Party harmony to promote social harmony. respect the principal position of Party members, guarantee their democratic rights, transparency in Party affairs and create favorable conditions for democratic discussions within the party. improve the party's congress system and implement the Party Congress tenure system, select the number of counties (cities, districts) cities and districts.
improve the local Party committees at all levels, the Standing Committee working mechanisms of the Committee on major decision-making role in the problem. strictly implement democratic centralism, improve the collective leadership with individual responsibility combined system, and oppose and prevent arbitrary decisions an individual or small number of people. the implementation of local Party committees to discuss and decide on major issues and appointing cadres to important voting system. to establish and improve the central plenary meeting of the Central Committee Political Bureau, Standing Committee of the local Party committees at all levels regularly report to the plenary of the Commission and accept the supervision of the work of the system.
party electoral system reform to improve the system for nominating candidates and electoral methods. to promote grass-roots party organization leaders team members of the public recommended by the party and the masses recommended by Party organizations at higher levels combined approach, gradually expanding grassroots direct election of party leadership to explore the expansion of various forms of grassroots democracy within the party. All Party members must firmly uphold the centralized and unified party , conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, always consistent with the Central Committee and resolutely safeguard its authority, and ensure decisions are carried out.
(d) deepening reform of personnel system and focus on training high-quality cadres and personnel. adhere to the party the principles of management of cadres, adhere to democracy, openness, competition and merit, the formation of a scientific mechanism for selecting and appointing cadres. standardize the cadre nomination system, perfect the scientific concept of development and a correct view of the cadre evaluation system requirements, improve the open selection and competition, the difference method of election.
to expand democracy in the work of cadres, strengthen democratic recommendation and assessment more scientific and authentic. to strengthen the whole process of selecting and appointing cadres supervision. improve the tenure of leading cadres, withdrawal, exchange system, improve the civil service system. sound cadres dual management system. advancing the state-owned enterprises and personnel system reform and improve the characteristics of state-owned enterprises for management of executives.
adhere to the correct guidance in appointing both ability and integrity, and outstanding performance and selection of cadres and the masses generally accepted principles to improve the selection employing public trust. greater efforts to train and select outstanding young cadres, encourage the young cadres to exercise primary growth and hardship, improve quality of young cadres of Marxist theory and political qualities. attention to training and selecting women cadres and ethnic minorities. particularly concerned about the long terms hard, difficult work of local cadres to work hard, pay attention to the production line from the grassroots and select excellent cadres and government leading organs at all levels.
continue to train cadres on a large scale, full use of Party, administration and cadre academies to substantially improve cadres. full well retired cadres. implement respecting labor, respect knowledge, respect talent, and create the policy, Stick to the principle, overall pay close attention to high-level personnel and highly skilled personnel for the key personnel at all levels building. creative talents working systems and mechanisms to stimulate the creativity of all kinds of talents and entrepreneurial passion to create talent, expertise and resources situation.
(e) a comprehensive education campaign to consolidate and develop the results of efforts to strengthen grass-roots party building. advanced of a Marxist political party for life and strength to rely on hundreds of thousands of members of quality to be embodied. to build a solid contingent of party members in the basic project, and keep improving their quality.
earnestly study and abide Party Constitution, raise awareness of Party membership, the establishment of regularly reviewing party spirit, expand channels of party members and serve the people, building the work of party members to contact and serve the people, and improve the regular education to members, maintain the advanced nature of long-term mechanism, so that party members always keep in mind the real purpose of advanced elements of care for the people. to strengthen and improve the flow of member management, strengthening of migrant workers in the party's work, establish and improve mechanisms for dynamic management of integrated urban and rural members. to improve the quality of party members, optimize the Party membership, and promptly deal with unqualified members. < br> Party's grassroots organizations are the basis of party organizations. to implement the responsibility system for party building work, comprehensively promote the rural areas, enterprises, urban communities and institutions, schools, new social organizations, grass-roots party building, optimizing their setups, expanding their coverage innovations in the way, give full play to promote the development of grass-roots party organizations, serving the people, rallying public support, and promote a harmonious effect. to the party's grass-roots organizations to promote development of other kinds of grass-roots organizations.
in primary Party organizations and Party members in-depth A Good activities carried out. establish and improve the urban and rural grassroots party organizations, mutual assistance mechanisms. in all rural areas of modern distance education of Party cadres. establish and improve inner-party incentives, solicitude and assistance mechanisms, care and love grass-roots cadres, veteran party members life difficult for party members. We will pay attention to ensure funding for grassroots organizations and space for activities.
(f) Effectively improve the Party's work style and focus on combating corruption and upholding integrity. Fine Style is a pool party and the people's great strength. to adhere to the people who created history viewpoint of historical materialism, adhere to serve the people wholeheartedly, persist in the mass line, and sincerely listen to their voices, reflect their true desire, the truth of their hardships, many good things for the masses, do solid work, the right to do Man, love the people, creating benefits for the people.
to promote the work style of seeking truth, and more to reinforce the groundwork to do long-term benefit. Strengthening research to improve the style of study and writing, to streamline meetings and files, and oppose formalism, bureaucracy, against the fraud. promote thrift, diligence and do everything, and oppose extravagance and waste. All Party members, especially leading cadres, must uphold the Party spirit, conduct, for example. depth style, and discipline of education, active criticism and self-criticism so that leading cadres conscientiously abide by the discipline and state laws, inherited the fine traditions and promote new healthy trends, in order to promote good governance style with folk style.
the nature and purpose of the Chinese Communist Party, the party with a variety of decisions passive corruption is incompatible. resolutely punishing and effectively preventing corruption, popular support and the party's survival, the party must attend a major political task. All Party members must fully understand the long-term struggle against corruption, complexity, difficulty, the construction of anti-corruption in a more prominent position, take a clear stand against corruption. We will fight corruption in a comprehensive way, both punishment and prevention, focusing on prevention, push forward construction of punishing and preventing corruption, in the firm punish corruption, more attention the root cause, more prevention, more attention to institution building, expanding from the source areas of work of corruption prevention.
strictly enforce the Clean and Honest Administration. adhere to the deepening of reform and innovation system, strengthening the culture of clean government to form a permanent education mechanism to resist corruption, anti-corruption institutional system, the exercise of power control mechanisms. improve the unified management of discipline inspection and supervision accredited institutions, improve the inspection system. to strengthen the work of leading cadres are clean, improve the ability of party members and cadres to resist corruption. resolutely correct unhealthy practices that hurt public interests, and effectively solve the problem of strong public resentment. resolutely investigate and deal with law and discipline violations of any corrupt elements must be severely punished according to law, without fail!
Comrades! since the birth of our party has bravely leading the Chinese people a happy life and realize the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation, the historical mission to fulfill this mission, generation after generation of Chinese Communists, one after another, countless revolutionaries have sacrificed their precious lives. Chinese communists must continue this mission.
our party is leading people of all nationalities of the reform and opening up and socialist modernization, establishment of New China, the great cause of socialist construction since the inheritance and development, is the Chinese people for national independent, to achieve the great cause of national prosperity and development. the past, we feel the mission of the sacred and glorious. Looking ahead, we realize the modernization drive, achieving national reunification and safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, the three historical tasks confidence.
All Party members must be keenly aware that achieving the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in ten years need to continue to struggle, to realize modernization by the need to continue to work for several years to consolidate and develop the socialist system several generations , a dozen generations or even dozens of unremitting efforts of generations.
to struggle with difficulties and risks. We must be vigilant in peace and sense of urgency, and always maintain Marxism, socialism with Chinese characteristics, to achieve the great rejuvenation of the firm conviction of the Chinese nation; must be prudent, hard work, keeping in mind the basic reality of socialist party and the people the cause of unremitting efforts; have to study hard, work hard and continue to create stand practice, people, history, test results; we must strengthen the unity, the overall situation and conscientiously safeguard the unity of the whole party, to maintain the party's close ties with the masses and consolidate the great unity of people of all nationalities, to strengthen the great Chinese people at home and abroad unity and promote the Chinese people and peoples of the world's great solidarity of all sons and daughters, to promote the cause of the party and the people to achieve new and greater victories to provide a powerful force.
Let us hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics more closely unite around the Party Central Committee, one mind, forging ahead, in order to win new victories in building a moderately prosperous society, and write a new chapter in the people a better life and work hard!
in the overall layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics, occupies an important position. Must stand on national security and a high degree of overall development strategy, economic development and national defense construction, In the process of building a moderately prosperous society in the realization of the unity of the rich and strong army.
to fully implement the Party and the people gave the new century, the historical mission of the armed forces must adhere to Mao Zedong's military thinking, Deng Xiaoping's thinking on army building in the new period and Jiang Zemin on national defense and army building thinking, the scientific development concept as an important national defense and army building guidelines to implement the military strategic principle of speeding up military reform with Chinese characteristics, preparation for military struggle to improve the military response to a variety of security threats and accomplish diverse military tasks, and resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security, territorial integrity, contribute to safeguarding world peace.
armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized is an integrated whole, must be comprehensive, and balanced manner. We must always adhere to the party absolute leadership over the army and the people of the fundamental principle of the fundamental purpose of the armed forces, the military in its historic mission, ideals, beliefs, fighting spirit and the socialist concept of honor, and carries forward the party's command, serving the people, heroic tradition. adhere to the scientific and technological strength Army, in accordance with the building of military information, winning the information war, the strategic objective to accelerate composite development of mechanization and information, carry out military training under conditions of stepping up training a large number of qualified military personnel, effectively change the mode of generating combat capabilities. adhere to the army according to law, strict discipline, improve relevant laws and regulations, strengthen scientific management.
adapt to new trends in world military affairs and the new requirements of China's development, promoting military theory, military technology, military organization, military management innovation. adjust and reform the military system and policies and systems, and gradually form a complete set of both the military with Chinese characteristics, construction law and consistent with the science of modern organizational model, institutional arrangements and modus operandi.
adjust and reform the defense industry and of weapons and equipment procurement, improve self-developed weapons and equipment innovation and quality and efficiency. establish and improve military and civilian production, integrating the armed forces of weaponry and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training and military security system, adhere to the thrift army, out of a civil-military integration with Chinese characteristics and path of development. in-depth study of new history characteristics and laws of running the army under the conditions of the army and people strategies and tactics of war, prosperity and development of military science.
enhance the concept of national defense, strengthen national defense mobilization, improve the quality of the reserve and the militia. Strengthening the People's Armed Police Force to to better carry out safeguarding national security and social stability and safeguard its people's duty mission. insist Yongjunyoushu its importance to consolidate military and civilians. at all levels of party organizations, government and the people to continue to support national defense and army building, the military will continue as the economic and social contribute to the development.
ten, promoting the vitality. in accordance with the to implement the promote democracy; to encourage Hong Kong and Macao in the patriotic people of all circles, under the banner of loving the motherland and Macao and pull together to promote social harmony; strengthen the Mainland and Hong Kong, Macau exchanges and cooperation, achieve mutual complementarity and common development; actively support the Hong Kong and Macao to carry out external exchanges , firmly oppose external forces interfere in their affairs. Hong Kong and Macao compatriots fully intelligent, able to manage, build and Hong Kong, Macau, Hong Kong and Macao will continue to play an important role in national modernization, the great motherland will always , prosperity and stability of Macao.
resolve the Taiwan issue and realizing complete reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese people. We will follow the eight-point process of peaceful reunification, never waver in upholding the one China principle, the efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never abandon the principle of placing our hopes on the Taiwan people will never change, oppose firmly grasp the theme of peaceful development of cross-strait relations and sincere well-being of compatriots on both sides, to seek peace across the Taiwan Straits, safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and safeguarding the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.
upholding the one China principle is the peaceful development of cross-strait political relations basis. Although both sides have not been reunified, but the mainland and Taiwan belong to one China has never changed. China is the common homeland of compatriots on both sides, across the Taiwan Straits should join hands to safeguard and building our common home. any political party in Taiwan, as long as both sides recognize the same One China, we are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue, consultations and negotiations, all issues can be discussed. We solemnly call on the basis of the one-China principle, negotiate the formal end of cross-strait hostilities, reach a peace agreement, construct cross-strait peace and development framework, creating peaceful development of cross-strait relations.
1.3 billion compatriots on the mainland and the Twenty-three million Taiwan compatriots are the same blood and destiny. all things beneficial to Taiwan compatriots, cross-strait peace conducive to the maintenance of all things, all in the motherland it's peaceful reunification, we will do our best to do a good job. We understand, trust and care about Taiwan compatriots, will continue to implement and enrich the broad masses of Taiwan compatriots, benefit policies and measures to protect the legitimate rights and interests of Taiwan compatriots to support the Taiwan Strait and other Business investment is focused on regional economic development. on both sides should strengthen exchanges, promote economic and cultural areas and at higher levels, to promote the direct together.
present, the anything involving China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, including Taiwan compatriots, we must be all the Chinese people, including a decision. We would like the greatest sincerity and utmost efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never allow anyone under any name or by any means to separate Taiwan from the motherland.
reunification of great rejuvenation of Chinese nation historically inevitable. Chinese people at home and abroad in close solidarity and concerted efforts, the complete reunification of the motherland will surely be achieved.
XI firmly committed to peaceful development path
world today is undergoing tremendous changes and adjustments. Peace and development remain the themes of the times, seeking peace, development and cooperation has become an irresistible trend of the times. multipolar world is irreversible, economic globalization of further development of scientific and technological revolution, global and regional cooperation in the ascendant, and countries are increasingly interdependent, international balance of power in favor of maintaining world peace, and the overall international situation is stable.
the same time, the world remains far peace. hegemony and power politics still exist, local conflicts and hotspot issues keep emerging, global economic imbalances, South gap is widening, and traditional security threats and non-traditional security threats are intertwined, world peace and development faces many difficulties and challenges.
share development opportunities and jointly cope with various challenges, promote peace and development in the noble cause is related to the fundamental interests of people of all countries, but also the common aspiration of all peoples. We stand for people of all countries join hands and strive to build lasting peace and common prosperous and harmonious world. To this end, should follow the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, observe international law and universally recognized norms governing international relations, and promote democracy in international relations, harmony, cooperation and win-win spirit.
mutual political respect and equal consultation work together to promote democracy in international relations; economic cooperation, complementarity and promote economic globalization towards a balanced, shared benefits and win-win direction; culture learn from each other, seek common ground, respect the diversity of the world together to advance human civilization progress; security, mutual trust, strengthen cooperation, rather than peaceful means, the means of war to resolve international disputes and jointly safeguard world peace and stability; environmental protection and help each other and work together to promote common care home planet of human beings.
Contemporary China's relations with the world have undergone historic changes in China's future is more closely linked with the future of the world together. No matter how the international situation changes, the Chinese government and people will always stand for peace, development and cooperation, pursue an independent peaceful foreign policy to safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests, abide by the maintenance of world peace and promoting common development, foreign policy purposes.
China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development. This is the Chinese government and people and the development trend of the times the fundamental interests of their own strategic decision made. The Chinese nation is a peace-loving nation, China is always a staunch force safeguarding world peace. We are committed to the interests of the Chinese people with the common interests of all peoples, and always stand for fairness and justice.
We adhere to all countries, big or small, rich or poor, respect for people of all countries to independently choose the right path of development, non-interference in internal affairs, not to impose our own will. China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, promotes international and regional security cooperation, and opposes all forms of terrorism. China pursues a defensive national defense policy, engage in arms race or pose a military threat to any country. China opposes all forms of hegemony and power politics, always does not seek hegemony and never engage in expansion.
China will unswervingly follow a win-win strategy of opening up. We will continue to develop their common development and promoting regional and world, and expand the converging points of interest with the parties in achieving their development taking into account other legitimate concerns of developing countries in particular. We will continue to follow the prevailing rules of international trade, increase market access, to protect partner interests. We support the international community to help developing countries enhance their capacity for independent development and improve people's livelihood and narrow the North-South gap. We support efforts to improve international trade and financial systems, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, through consultation and collaboration and properly handle economic and trade frictions. China will never seek benefits for itself, the expense of others things.
China insists on peaceful co-existence five based on the principles of developing friendly cooperation with all countries. We will continue to work with countries to strengthen strategic dialogue, enhance mutual trust, deepen cooperation and properly manage differences to promote long-term stable and healthy development of mutual relations. We will continue to implement and good neighbors to with the surrounding neighbors as foreign policy, to strengthen good-neighborly friendship with neighboring countries, and pragmatic cooperation, actively carry out regional cooperation, and jointly create peace, stability, equality and mutual trust, cooperation and win-win regional environment.
We will continue to strengthen with the vast number of developing unity and cooperation, deepen traditional friendship, expand practical cooperation, provide assistance within its capacity to safeguard the legitimate demands of developing countries and share common interests. We will continue to actively participate in multilateral affairs, assume our international obligations, and play a constructive role in promoting international order fairer and more equitable direction. We will continue with the political parties and organizations, exchanges and cooperation, to strengthen the NPC and CPPCC, the military, local, civil society, foreign relations, the Chinese people and people of all countries to enhance mutual understanding and friendship. < br> China's development needs the world enjoy prosperity and stability without China. The Chinese people will continue to work with people of all countries, in order to achieve better future for humanity and make unremitting efforts.
second, to comprehensively push forward reform and innovation of the party new great project of building socialism with Chinese characteristics
is the cause of reform and innovation. the party to stand in the forefront and lead the people to create a new situation of development, must be spirit of reform and innovation to strengthen itself, socialism with Chinese characteristics has become cause of the strong core of leadership.
Party was founded eighty years, governed the country for fifty years, with over seventy million members, the party's education and management tasks than ever more arduous. party leadership the reform and opening up both to the party into the great vitality of the party is facing many unprecedented tasks and tests. world situation, circumstances, and the party situation in the development and changes, decided to reform and innovation to strengthen party building both very important and very urgent. < br> must be the party's governance capability and vanguard nature as the main line, insisted that the Party, strictly, carry people, pragmatic, honest request, with firm ideals and beliefs to focus on strengthening the ideological construction to create high the quality of Party members, cadres as the focus on strengthening the organizations, in order to maintain the party's close ties with the masses to focus on strengthening the work style in order to improve the system of democratic centralism as the focus on strengthening the building to improve the system for punishing and preventing corruption, focus on strengthening anti-corruption building, so that the party has become the Power for the People, pragmatic, reform and innovation, hard work, honest and clean and full of vitality, unity and harmony of the Marxist ruling party.
(a) In-depth study and implementation of Chinese characteristics theoretical system of socialism, with a focus on the latest achievements of Marxism in China arming the whole Party. ideological and theoretical construction is the fundamental construction, the party's theoretical innovation to lead all aspects of innovation. learning to build political parties in accordance with the requirements of reform and opening up and modernization closely Construction of a lively practice, in-depth study of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and remolding the subjective world, better grasp the law of the Communist Party, socialist construction, development of human society, improve the use of scientific theories to analyzing and solving practical problems.
strengthen party members, cadres and ideological education in ideals and beliefs and moral construction, the majority of party members , into practice the socialist core value system of the model, the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, firmly believe in the scientific development concept of the faithful executor of the conscious practice of the socialist concept of honor, the social harmony of the positive facilitator.
(b) continue to strengthen the party's ability to focus on building high-quality leading bodies. the party's governing capability of the party building and the global cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, must improve the leadership and governance capability leading bodies at all levels, good grasp of the core.
in accordance with scientific, democratic and law based governance, improve the leadership style of thinking, the governing competence of leading cadres to improve, improve leadership and governance, sound leadership system and improve the local party leadership after the reform with the working mechanism of the leading bodies at all levels into staunch implement the Party's theory, line, principles and policies, good leadership of the scientific development of a strong collective leadership. to strengthen the governance capability of leading bodies and leading the whole party, all the work the party line with the times and people always look forward to.
(c) actively promote democracy within the party and focus on enhancing the Party's solidarity and unity. inner-party democracy is to strengthen the party's creativity and reinforcing the unity of the party an important guarantee for reunification. We will expand democracy within the Party democracy to develop people to improve the Party harmony to promote social harmony. respect the principal position of Party members, guarantee their democratic rights, transparency in Party affairs and create favorable conditions for democratic discussions within the party. improve the party's congress system and implement the Party Congress tenure system, select the number of counties (cities, districts) cities and districts.
improve the local Party committees at all levels, the Standing Committee working mechanisms of the Committee on major decision-making role in the problem. strictly implement democratic centralism, improve the collective leadership with individual responsibility combined system, and oppose and prevent arbitrary decisions an individual or small number of people. the implementation of local Party committees to discuss and decide on major issues and appointing cadres to important voting system. to establish and improve the central plenary meeting of the Central Committee Political Bureau, Standing Committee of the local Party committees at all levels regularly report to the plenary of the Commission and accept the supervision of the work of the system.
party electoral system reform to improve the system for nominating candidates and electoral methods. to promote grass-roots party organization leaders team members of the public recommended by the party and the masses recommended by Party organizations at higher levels combined approach, gradually expanding grassroots direct election of party leadership to explore the expansion of various forms of grassroots democracy within the party. All Party members must firmly uphold the centralized and unified party , conscientiously abide by the party's political discipline, always consistent with the Central Committee and resolutely safeguard its authority, and ensure decisions are carried out.
(d) deepening reform of personnel system and focus on training high-quality cadres and personnel. adhere to the party the principles of management of cadres, adhere to democracy, openness, competition and merit, the formation of a scientific mechanism for selecting and appointing cadres. standardize the cadre nomination system, perfect the scientific concept of development and a correct view of the cadre evaluation system requirements, improve the open selection and competition, the difference method of election.
to expand democracy in the work of cadres, strengthen democratic recommendation and assessment more scientific and authentic. to strengthen the whole process of selecting and appointing cadres supervision. improve the tenure of leading cadres, withdrawal, exchange system, improve the civil service system. sound cadres dual management system. advancing the state-owned enterprises and personnel system reform and improve the characteristics of state-owned enterprises for management of executives.
adhere to the correct guidance in appointing both ability and integrity, and outstanding performance and selection of cadres and the masses generally accepted principles to improve the selection employing public trust. greater efforts to train and select outstanding young cadres, encourage the young cadres to exercise primary growth and hardship, improve quality of young cadres of Marxist theory and political qualities. attention to training and selecting women cadres and ethnic minorities. particularly concerned about the long terms hard, difficult work of local cadres to work hard, pay attention to the production line from the grassroots and select excellent cadres and government leading organs at all levels.
continue to train cadres on a large scale, full use of Party, administration and cadre academies to substantially improve cadres. full well retired cadres. implement respecting labor, respect knowledge, respect talent, and create the policy, Stick to the principle, overall pay close attention to high-level personnel and highly skilled personnel for the key personnel at all levels building. creative talents working systems and mechanisms to stimulate the creativity of all kinds of talents and entrepreneurial passion to create talent, expertise and resources situation.
(e) a comprehensive education campaign to consolidate and develop the results of efforts to strengthen grass-roots party building. advanced of a Marxist political party for life and strength to rely on hundreds of thousands of members of quality to be embodied. to build a solid contingent of party members in the basic project, and keep improving their quality.
earnestly study and abide Party Constitution, raise awareness of Party membership, the establishment of regularly reviewing party spirit, expand channels of party members and serve the people, building the work of party members to contact and serve the people, and improve the regular education to members, maintain the advanced nature of long-term mechanism, so that party members always keep in mind the real purpose of advanced elements of care for the people. to strengthen and improve the flow of member management, strengthening of migrant workers in the party's work, establish and improve mechanisms for dynamic management of integrated urban and rural members. to improve the quality of party members, optimize the Party membership, and promptly deal with unqualified members. < br> Party's grassroots organizations are the basis of party organizations. to implement the responsibility system for party building work, comprehensively promote the rural areas, enterprises, urban communities and institutions, schools, new social organizations, grass-roots party building, optimizing their setups, expanding their coverage innovations in the way, give full play to promote the development of grass-roots party organizations, serving the people, rallying public support, and promote a harmonious effect. to the party's grass-roots organizations to promote development of other kinds of grass-roots organizations.
in primary Party organizations and Party members in-depth A Good activities carried out. establish and improve the urban and rural grassroots party organizations, mutual assistance mechanisms. in all rural areas of modern distance education of Party cadres. establish and improve inner-party incentives, solicitude and assistance mechanisms, care and love grass-roots cadres, veteran party members life difficult for party members. We will pay attention to ensure funding for grassroots organizations and space for activities.
(f) Effectively improve the Party's work style and focus on combating corruption and upholding integrity. Fine Style is a pool party and the people's great strength. to adhere to the people who created history viewpoint of historical materialism, adhere to serve the people wholeheartedly, persist in the mass line, and sincerely listen to their voices, reflect their true desire, the truth of their hardships, many good things for the masses, do solid work, the right to do Man, love the people, creating benefits for the people.
to promote the work style of seeking truth, and more to reinforce the groundwork to do long-term benefit. Strengthening research to improve the style of study and writing, to streamline meetings and files, and oppose formalism, bureaucracy, against the fraud. promote thrift, diligence and do everything, and oppose extravagance and waste. All Party members, especially leading cadres, must uphold the Party spirit, conduct, for example. depth style, and discipline of education, active criticism and self-criticism so that leading cadres conscientiously abide by the discipline and state laws, inherited the fine traditions and promote new healthy trends, in order to promote good governance style with folk style.
the nature and purpose of the Chinese Communist Party, the party with a variety of decisions passive corruption is incompatible. resolutely punishing and effectively preventing corruption, popular support and the party's survival, the party must attend a major political task. All Party members must fully understand the long-term struggle against corruption, complexity, difficulty, the construction of anti-corruption in a more prominent position, take a clear stand against corruption. We will fight corruption in a comprehensive way, both punishment and prevention, focusing on prevention, push forward construction of punishing and preventing corruption, in the firm punish corruption, more attention the root cause, more prevention, more attention to institution building, expanding from the source areas of work of corruption prevention.
strictly enforce the Clean and Honest Administration. adhere to the deepening of reform and innovation system, strengthening the culture of clean government to form a permanent education mechanism to resist corruption, anti-corruption institutional system, the exercise of power control mechanisms. improve the unified management of discipline inspection and supervision accredited institutions, improve the inspection system. to strengthen the work of leading cadres are clean, improve the ability of party members and cadres to resist corruption. resolutely correct unhealthy practices that hurt public interests, and effectively solve the problem of strong public resentment. resolutely investigate and deal with law and discipline violations of any corrupt elements must be severely punished according to law, without fail!
Comrades! since the birth of our party has bravely leading the Chinese people a happy life and realize the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation, the historical mission to fulfill this mission, generation after generation of Chinese Communists, one after another, countless revolutionaries have sacrificed their precious lives. Chinese communists must continue this mission.
our party is leading people of all nationalities of the reform and opening up and socialist modernization, establishment of New China, the great cause of socialist construction since the inheritance and development, is the Chinese people for national independent, to achieve the great cause of national prosperity and development. the past, we feel the mission of the sacred and glorious. Looking ahead, we realize the modernization drive, achieving national reunification and safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, the three historical tasks confidence.
All Party members must be keenly aware that achieving the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in ten years need to continue to struggle, to realize modernization by the need to continue to work for several years to consolidate and develop the socialist system several generations , a dozen generations or even dozens of unremitting efforts of generations.
to struggle with difficulties and risks. We must be vigilant in peace and sense of urgency, and always maintain Marxism, socialism with Chinese characteristics, to achieve the great rejuvenation of the firm conviction of the Chinese nation; must be prudent, hard work, keeping in mind the basic reality of socialist party and the people the cause of unremitting efforts; have to study hard, work hard and continue to create stand practice, people, history, test results; we must strengthen the unity, the overall situation and conscientiously safeguard the unity of the whole party, to maintain the party's close ties with the masses and consolidate the great unity of people of all nationalities, to strengthen the great Chinese people at home and abroad unity and promote the Chinese people and peoples of the world's great solidarity of all sons and daughters, to promote the cause of the party and the people to achieve new and greater victories to provide a powerful force.
Let us hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics more closely unite around the Party Central Committee, one mind, forging ahead, in order to win new victories in building a moderately prosperous society, and write a new chapter in the people a better life and work hard!
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